Airborne Sensor Constellation for Earth Observation Coverage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current satellite-based systems for earth surface data collection are costly, complex, and generate space debris, while alternative platforms like UAVs and stratospheric balloons face regulatory and operational challenges, and Smallsats have limited reliability and lifetime.
Innovation Solution
A constellation of electronic devices mounted on commercial airplanes provides optical or radio-frequency operations for earth surface data collection, utilizing existing flight paths and schedules to achieve flexible and efficient coverage of predetermined geographical areas without the need for dedicated platforms or satellite launches.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If satellite-based systems are used for earth surface data collection, then coverage area is improved, but cost and complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces airplanes as intermediary platforms carrying electronic devices with sensors. These airplanes fly over predetermined geographical areas and transmit data to ground stations, serving as a mediator between space-based satellites and ground-based systems. This approach provides wide coverage similar to satellites while avoiding the complexity and cost of satellite deployment, maintenance, and de-orbiting operations.
2Area of stationary object
If satellite-based systems are used for earth surface data collection, then coverage area is improved, but cost increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs commercial airplanes that are readily available and significantly cheaper than satellite launches. The electronic devices mounted on these airplanes use existing flight paths and schedules, eliminating the need for expensive satellite manufacturing, launch, and long-term maintenance. When airplanes complete their service life, they can be retired or replaced without the complex and costly de-orbiting procedures required for satellites.
3Quantity of substance
If Smallsats are used for earth observation, then launch cost is reduced, but reliability and lifetime are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent leverages the universality of commercial airplanes that already serve multiple purposes (passenger transport, cargo, etc.). By mounting electronic devices on these existing multi-functional platforms, the system avoids the need to build dedicated observation satellites or small satellites with limited lifetimes. The commercial airplanes provide reliable, long-term service with established maintenance protocols and operational histories.
4Quantity of substance
If UAVs are used as alternative platform, then launch cost is reduced, but operational complexity and regulatory issues increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes commercial airplanes that operate autonomously according to established flight schedules and routes. The airplanes self-manage their operations, maintenance, and navigation using existing aviation infrastructure and protocols. This eliminates the need for dedicated ground control stations and operators required for UAVs, significantly reducing operational complexity while maintaining low cost.
5Quantity of substance
If stratospheric balloons are used as alternative platform, then launch cost is reduced, but control and regulatory challenges increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs airplanes that can dynamically adjust their flight paths, altitudes, and schedules to optimize data collection over predetermined geographical areas. Unlike balloons with limited maneuverability, airplanes can quickly respond to changing conditions, adjust coverage areas, and coordinate with ground stations. This dynamic capability provides greater control flexibility while maintaining cost-effectiveness.
Data Source
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AI summary
A method and system for creating a constellation of electronic devices for providing optical or radio-frequency operations relating to earth surface data collection applications on a predetermined geographical area. On each of a plurality of (commercial) airplanes at least one electronic device (10) from the constellation is provided, and during its flight each airplane has a flight path over at least a portion of the geographical area. Each electronic device is configured for the operations during the flight with an earth coverage range for the operations determined by an individual airplane coverage range of a portion of the earth surface as provided by the associated airplane. One or more electronic devices are activated for the operations when the individual airplane coverage of the one or more airplanes associated with the one or more electronic devices is within the geographical area.