Air Conditioner Housing Layout to Isolate Refrigerant Leaks

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing air conditioning devices for small spaces, such as caravans and boats, face the risk of refrigerant leaks due to soldered connections, which can be problematic as refrigerants may be flammable or toxic, posing a danger to occupants and the environment.

Innovation Solution

The air conditioning device is designed with a housing that separates the refrigerant circuit into an inner area for room air and an outer area for ambient air, with all joints and connections located in the outer area to prevent refrigerant escape into the living space, using a sealing device and non-return valve to ensure refrigerant leaks into the environment rather than the interior.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If soldered connections are used in the refrigerant circuit, then good heat transfer and corrosion resistance are achieved, but refrigerant leaks may occur at the joints

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefrigerant circuit integrityVSAvoidrefrigerant leak risk
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the potentially harmful joints from the inner area where they could contaminate room air with refrigerant leaks. By relocating all joints to the outer area, the design isolates the leak risk away from the occupied space while preserving the soldered connection advantages for heat transfer and corrosion resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a sealed intermediate space (outer area) as a mediator between the refrigerant circuit and the room air environment. This intermediate zone contains any potential refrigerant leaks, preventing them from reaching the inner area where occupants are present, thus resolving the contradiction between using soldered joints and preventing harmful leaks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of manufacture

If joints are located in the inner area, then easier assembly and maintenance are achieved, but refrigerant can escape into the room air

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvejoint accessibilityVSAvoidrefrigerant contamination of room air
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts all joints from the inner area and relocates them to the outer area, eliminating the risk of refrigerant contamination while maintaining manufacturing feasibility. The outer area provides adequate space for joint assembly and access, resolving the contradiction between joint accessibility and safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If the housing is divided into inner and outer areas with sealing, then refrigerant leak safety is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefrigerant escape preventionVSAvoidhousing structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the housing into two distinct functional areas: an inner area for room air handling and an outer area for ambient air and refrigerant circuit components. This segmentation physically separates potential leak sources from the occupied space, improving safety while the segmentation itself provides a clear structural framework that manages complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The sealed outer area serves as an intermediary zone that contains the refrigerant circuit and any potential leaks. This intermediate space acts as a safety buffer, allowing the refrigerant circuit to operate with necessary joints and connections while preventing refrigerant escape into the inner area, thus resolving the contradiction between safety and structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design effectively prevents the contamination of room air with escaping refrigerant, ensuring safety for occupants and the environment by directing any leaks to the outer area where they can evaporate or be released harmlessly, regardless of the refrigerant's properties.

Implementation Method 1

a condenser with an associated condenser fan for supplying and discharging ambient air

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced Convection: Forced Convection

Implementation Method 2

The condenser serving as a heat exchanger is cooled by ambient air

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat Exchanger: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 3

an evaporator with an associated evaporator fan for supplying fresh air and/or room air to the room to be air-conditioned

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced Convection: Forced Convection

Implementation Method 4

The phase change from vapor to gas then takes place in the evaporator due to the heat absorption of the refrigerant from the room air

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat Exchanger: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 5

a compressor for compressing a gaseous refrigerant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCompression: Compression

Implementation Method 6

an expansion device for expanding the refrigerant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThrottling:

Implementation Method 7

the initially gaseous refrigerant, which is under high pressure, liquefies

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCondensation: Condensation

Implementation Method 8

The phase change from vapor to gas then takes place in the evaporator due to the heat absorption of the refrigerant from the room air

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP2110614B1Air conditioning device with safety device avoiding refrigerant leak into inside of room
Publication Date: 2014.10.01 TRUMA GERATETECHNIK GMBH & CO KG
  • EP2110614B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2110614B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2110614B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner has, among other things, a compressor (2) for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser (3) with a condenser fan (4) for supplying and removing ambient air, an evaporator (5) with an evaporator fan (6 ) for supplying and discharging room air and line elements (13, 14, 16) for guiding the refrigerant. The housing (1) of the air conditioner is divided into an inner area (21) in which the room air is routed and an outer area (22) in which the ambient air is routed. The inner area (21) and the outer area (22) are sealed off from one another by a sealing device (12). The components (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the refrigerant circuit are arranged in such a way that none of the joints present between the line elements (13, 14, 16) or between the line elements and the other components of the refrigerant circuit are in the interior (21) , but only in the outer area (22) are arranged. Refrigerant escaping at a leak point can thus be released into the environment without polluting the room air to be cooled.