Aircraft Braking Bogie Torque Reduction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Aircrafts experience significant torsion loads in the landing gear during tight turning maneuvers, leading to fatigue damage and limitations in on-ground maneuverability, as existing methods like the braked pivot turn generate excessive torque due to differential wheel braking.

Innovation Solution

A method of braked pivot turning that applies a greater braking force to the side of the bogie closer to the aircraft's center of turning than to the side further from it, reducing the net torque on the landing gear by generating a secondary torque in the opposite direction to the primary torque caused by tire scrubbing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If a braked pivot turn is performed by applying brakes to all wheels on one landing gear assembly, then the aircraft can turn in a tight circle, but significant torsion loads are generated in the landing gear structure causing fatigue damage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveturning speedVSAvoidlanding gear strength
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies different braking forces to different sides of the bogie. Specifically, it applies a greater braking force to wheels on the first side of the bogie than to wheels on the second side, creating a differential braking effect that reduces the net torque on the landing gear while still enabling the tight turning maneuver

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent generates a secondary torque through differential braking that acts in the opposite direction to the primary torque generated by tire scrubbing during the pivot turn. This counter-torque offsets the harmful torsion loads, reducing the net torque and preventing fatigue damage to the landing gear structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #8Anti-weight (Counterweight)

2Ease of operation

If differential engine thrust is applied to turn the aircraft, then the aircraft can maneuver on the ground, but torsion loads are generated in the landing gear due to wheel scrubbing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveground maneuverabilityVSAvoidlanding gear strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies differential braking forces to different sides of the bogie to create a secondary torque that counteracts the primary torque from tire scrubbing, thereby reducing the net torsion loads on the landing gear while maintaining ground maneuverability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful effect of differential braking (which could increase torque) into a beneficial counter-torque by strategically applying greater braking force to the first side of the bogie, thereby reducing the net torsion loads on the landing gear structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly reduces torsion loads in the landing gear, allowing aircrafts to perform tight turns with less fatigue damage and increased maneuverability, enabling larger aircrafts to execute braked pivot turns that were previously restricted.

Implementation Method 1

braking at least one wheel on the landing gear assembly that is located closer to the centre of turning of the aircraft

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP1948505B1Aircraft braking system
Publication Date: 2009.09.02 AIRBUS OPERATIONS LTD
  • EP1948505B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP1948505B1 patent drawingFigure 1c~1d
  • EP1948505B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2c

AI summary

A method of braked pivot turning an aircraft (1) , the aircraft (1) comprising a fuselage (3) and a landing gear assembly (9, 10) located to one side thereof. The landing gear comprises a bogie (17) with wheels (19, 20) mounted thereon, at least one wheel being located on a first side of the bogie (17) and at least one wheel being located on a second side of the bogie (17) . The method includes the steps of applying thrust (7'') for moving or turning the aircraft, and via the braking of at least one wheel, applying a greater braking force to the first side of the bogie (17) than to the second side. The first side is located closer to the centre of turning (13) of the aircraft than the second side. The method thereby generates relatively low torque loads in the landing gear leg, reducing fatigue damage. A brake control system is also provided for selectively braking wheels during a turn.