Networked Aircraft Deicing Heaters for Failure Compensation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional deicing heaters in aircraft lack flexibility and communication, leading to inefficient energy use and potential icing issues when sensors or heating elements fail, as they often default to a fail-safe mode without actual need for heating.

Innovation Solution

Implementing networked, digitally controlled heater modules that can communicate and compensate for failures by requesting temperature measurements from other sensors or adjusting duty cycles of adjacent units, allowing for intelligent operation even in the event of sensor or heating element failures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional wired heating networks are used with fail-safe mode, then reliability is improved by preventing freezing under any condition, but energy efficiency deteriorates due to unnecessary heating when not needed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefreezing preventionVSAvoidenergy efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a networked system where temperature sensors and heating elements communicate bidirectionally. Each heating element receives temperature data from sensors and adjusts its operation accordingly, while also providing feedback about its operational status. This feedback mechanism allows the system to distinguish between actual freezing risks and false alarms, enabling heating elements to remain inactive when temperatures are already above freezing thresholds, thus preventing unnecessary energy consumption while maintaining reliable freezing protection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system enables each heating element to autonomously determine its operational needs based on local temperature sensor data and networked information from adjacent elements. Rather than defaulting to continuous operation in fail-safe mode, each element can self-assess whether heating is required by monitoring temperature readings and communicating with neighboring elements about environmental conditions, allowing intelligent activation only when genuinely needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Device complexity

If conventional wired networks with limited communication are used, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability deteriorates due to inability to compensate for sensor or heating element failures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork complexityVSAvoidfailure compensation capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the heating system into independently addressable segments or zones, each with its own temperature sensor and heating element that can be individually controlled and monitored. This segmentation allows the network to identify and compensate for failures in specific segments without affecting the entire system. When a sensor or heating element fails, the network can isolate the故障 segment and adjust operation of adjacent segments to maintain overall system functionality, thereby achieving failure compensation through modular architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The networked heating elements are designed with multi-functionality, serving both as heating devices and as communication nodes in the sensor network. Each heating element can function as a sensor proxy by monitoring its own operational status and environmental conditions, and can communicate this information to the central controller and neighboring elements. This universal design allows the system to adapt to failures by having any functional element compensate for the loss of another, enhancing system robustness without requiring dedicated backup components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If fail-safe mode is activated continuously, then reliability is improved by ensuring heating operation, but energy consumption increases due to unnecessary heating cycles

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating availabilityVSAvoidunnecessary energy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic control of heating elements based on real-time temperature conditions and networked information. Rather than operating continuously in a static fail-safe mode, each heating element dynamically adjusts its operational state (on/off, power level) based on current temperature readings from local and remote sensors. This dynamic response allows the system to maintain heating availability when needed while eliminating energy waste during periods when temperatures are already sufficient, resolving the contradiction between reliability and energy loss.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs periodic temperature monitoring and conditional heating activation rather than continuous operation. Temperature sensors periodically assess environmental conditions and communicate this data through the network, triggering heating element activation only when temperature thresholds indicate actual freezing risk. This periodic action pattern maintains heating availability by regularly checking conditions while preventing unnecessary energy consumption by keeping heating elements inactive during periods when temperature conditions are already safe.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enables efficient energy use and prevents icing by allowing the system to dynamically adjust heating based on available data from other modules, ensuring effective temperature maintenance without unnecessary energy consumption.

Implementation Method 1

a second node for applying heat selectively to the fluid circuit in response to a signal from the controller

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3549868B1Intelligent ice protection network
Publication Date: 2022.12.14 GOODRICH CORP
  • EP3549868B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3549868B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3549868B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

A system for an aircraft includes a first fluid circuit extending from a first end to a second end, and a network comprising a plurality of networked heater assemblies disposed along the first fluid circuit between the first end and the second end. Each of the networked heater assemblies includes at least one temperature sensor, a heater element, and a local controller. The at least one temperature sensor is in communication with the first fluid circuit for periodically measuring a temperature in the first fluid circuit and generating a corresponding local temperature signal. The heater assembly selectively applies heat to the first fluid circuit based on the local temperature signal or another temperature signal on the network. The local controller receives the local temperature signal or another networked temperature signal and operates the heater assembly in response thereto to maintain the local temperature signal above a predetermined threshold.