Aircraft Engine Component Retaining Ring Thermal Expansion Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Aircraft engine components secured via mating sections face challenges due to varying thermal growth caused by temperature variations and differences in material coefficients of thermal expansion, leading to potential loosening of connections during operational temperatures.

Innovation Solution

A connecting system comprising a support flange made of a first material and a retaining ring made of a second material with a lower coefficient of thermal expansion, where the retaining ring is in abutment against the outer flange face of the support flange, effectively impeding thermal expansion and maintaining secure engagement between components.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If mating sections are made of different materials to meet operational requirements, then component functionality is improved, but thermal expansion differences cause connection loosening

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial selection flexibilityVSAvoidconnection stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies thermal expansion principles by selecting materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) for specific functional purposes. The first mating section uses a material with a first CTE while the second mating section uses a material with a second CTE, allowing each component to expand at different rates during thermal cycles. This controlled differential expansion is managed through the design of the retaining structure that maintains engagement between sections despite the expansion differences, thereby preserving connection stability while allowing material selection flexibility for operational requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #37Thermal expansion

2Reliability

If a retaining structure is added to prevent loosening, then connection reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection stabilityVSAvoidstructure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the retaining function into the existing mating section structure itself. The retaining structure is integrated as part of one of the mating sections rather than being a separate component, thereby preventing connection loosening while minimizing the increase in device complexity. This integration approach maintains connection stability without adding significant structural complexity to the overall assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If thermal expansion is restrained to maintain connection, then connection stability is improved, but thermal stress increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection stabilityVSAvoidthermal stress
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a dynamic retaining structure that can accommodate thermal expansion movements rather than completely restraining them. The retaining structure is designed to maintain engagement between mating sections while allowing controlled movement during thermal cycles, thereby preserving connection stability without generating excessive thermal stress. This dynamic approach lets the structure adapt to thermal conditions while preventing loosening.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system ensures secure and stable connection between components by managing thermal expansion differences, preventing loosening and maintaining proper engagement even under varying temperature conditions, and remains engaged without the need for fasteners through axial movement and interlocking mechanisms.

Implementation Method 1

the retaining ring including a second material having a coefficient of thermal expansion being less than that of the first material of the support flange such that thermal expansion of the support flange is impeded by the retaining ring

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentUS11732609B2Connecting arrangement between components of an aircraft engine
Publication Date: 2023.08.22 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA CORP
  • US11732609B2 patent drawing
  • US11732609B2 patent drawing
  • US11732609B2 patent drawing

AI summary

An aircraft engine comprises a casing extending circumferentially around a central axis. A support flange is secured to the casing and extends circumferentially around the axis. The support flange has an inner and an outer flange face. A component is drivingly engaged by a shaft of the engine. The component has a connecting section extending around the central axis. The connecting section has a connecting face. The inner flange face is in abutment against the connecting face. A retaining ring extends circumferentially around the central axis. The retaining ring is in abutment against the outer flange face of the support flange. The retaining ring has a coefficient of thermal expansion, which is less than that of the support flange.