Aircraft Fire Protection Wetting System Liquid-Gas Mixture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fire protection systems in aircraft face challenges due to restricted space and weight ratios, making it difficult to provide effective and efficient fire protection with liquid extinguishants, as they cannot be carried in unlimited quantities.
Innovation Solution
A wetting system that introduces a liquid-gas extinguishing mixture into a predetermined extinguishing volume, ensuring the concentration of extinguishing gas remains below the extinguishing concentration, using a combination of a liquid extinguishant tank and a compressed gas accumulator, with a piping system that mixes and introduces the mixture in a controlled ratio to prevent icing and optimize extinguishing efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If liquid extinguishant is used for fire protection in aircraft, then fire extinguishing effectiveness is improved, but weight and space requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state of the extinguishant from pure liquid to a liquid-gas two-phase mixture. By controlling the gas concentration to remain below the extinguishing concentration (parameter change), the system achieves fire protection through cooling and wetting effects while reducing the total quantity of extinguishant needed, thereby reducing weight
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite extinguishing medium consisting of liquid extinguishant and inert gas. This composite approach combines the cooling effect of liquid with the suffocation effect of gas, creating a more efficient extinguishing system that requires less total material weight while maintaining or improving extinguishing effectiveness
2Reliability
If extinguishing gas concentration is increased to achieve better fire suppression, then fire protection effectiveness is improved, but risk of icing and system failure increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates feedback control through temperature monitoring and adaptive gas concentration adjustment. The control unit monitors temperature conditions and adjusts the gas concentration accordingly, reducing gas concentration when temperatures approach freezing points to prevent icing while maintaining extinguishing effectiveness when temperatures are safe
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic adjustment of the liquid-gas mixture ratio based on real-time temperature conditions. The system transitions from a static mixture ratio to a dynamic one that adapts to changing thermal conditions, preventing icing by reducing gas concentration when temperatures are low while maximizing extinguishing effectiveness when temperatures are adequate
3Weight of moving object
If pure gas extinguishing is used to reduce weight, then weight requirements are reduced, but fire suppression effectiveness decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the gas concentration parameter to remain below the extinguishing concentration threshold. This parameter change allows the system to utilize the cooling and wetting effects of the liquid phase for primary fire suppression, reducing reliance on high gas concentrations and thereby reducing total extinguishant weight while maintaining effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses a composite liquid-gas extinguishing approach where the liquid phase provides primary cooling and wetting effects for fire suppression, while the gas phase provides supplementary suffocation effects. This composite strategy achieves effective fire suppression with reduced total extinguishant weight compared to pure gas systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves effective and efficient fire protection with reduced extinguishing gas usage, preventing icing and ensuring continuous operation, while allowing for independent initiation and termination of liquid-gas and gas extinguishing modes for enhanced safety and reliability.
Implementation Method 1
a compressed gas accumulator (4) which is designed for the pressurized storage of extinguishing gas
Implementation Method 2
a piping system (6, 7) which is designed and equipped for introducing a liquid-gas mixture, comprising at least a first proportion of liquid extinguishant and a second proportion of extinguishing gas
Implementation Method 3
in a pure liquid-gas extinguishing measure, especially a pure water-gas extinguishing phase
Implementation Method 4
the concentration of extinguishing gas in the restricted or closed extinguishing volume remains below the extinguishing concentration
Implementation Method 5
within a defined operating envelope the concentration of extinguishing gas in the restricted or closed extinguishing volume remains below the extinguishing concentration
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention especially relates to a fire protection system (1) with a wetting system (23) which is designed and equipped for the wetting of a predetermined extinguishing volume (11) with extinguishing water, wherein the wetting system (23) is designed and equipped in such a way that in a pure water-gas extinguishing measure within a defined operating envelope the concentration of extinguishing gas in the extinguishing volume remains below the extinguishing concentration.