Aircraft Air Intake Blockage Detection via Charge Heating Value

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Solution Overview

Problem

Aircraft propulsion systems face challenges in identifying blockages in air intakes, which can impact engine power and performance due to existing methods' limitations in accurately detecting blockages and potential false positives.

Innovation Solution

A propulsion system with sensors and a controller that calculates an actual charge heating value using outside and air intake temperatures, compares it to a threshold, and identifies unusual engine performance conditions to determine the presence of blockages, while also considering engine operating parameters to prevent false positives.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional blockage detection methods are used, then blockage identification is achieved, but false positives occur and measurement precision is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblockage detection accuracyVSAvoidfalse positive rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple detection methods into a unified system that integrates charge heating value calculation (using OAT and T1 sensors) with engine performance parameter analysis. The controller merges data from temperature sensors, engine power parameters, and operating parameters to make a comprehensive blockage determination, reducing false positives by requiring multiple conditions to be met simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors charge heating value and compares it against threshold values, while also monitoring engine performance parameters. This feedback mechanism allows the controller to dynamically adjust blockage detection decisions based on real-time data, improving measurement precision by validating detections through multiple independent measurement streams

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If multiple sensors and parameters are monitored, then blockage detection accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblockage detection accuracyVSAvoidsensor and control system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The controller performs multiple functions using the same sensor data: it calculates charge heating value, monitors engine performance parameters, and makes blockage detection decisions. The system reuses existing temperature sensors (OAT and T1) for multiple purposes, avoiding the need for additional specialized sensors and reducing overall system complexity while maintaining high detection accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively identifies blockages in air intakes, reducing the risk of false positives and ensuring reliable engine performance by combining temperature and performance data, and enabling corrective actions such as warning generation and component control.

Implementation Method 1

The OAT sensor is disposed outside the engine and configured to measure an OAT

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature measurement:

Implementation Method 2

The air intake sensor is disposed inside the air intake and configured to measure an air intake temperature (T1)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature measurement:

Implementation Method 3

calculate an actual charge heating value (CHactual) for the air intake using the OAT and the T1

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCharge heating:

Data Source

PatentEP4461650A1System and method for identifying blockage of an air intake for an aircraft propulsion system
Publication Date: 2024.11.13 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA CORP
  • EP4461650A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4461650A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4461650A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A propulsion system for an aircraft includes an engine, a plurality of sensors (92), and a controller (26). The engine includes an air intake (40). The plurality of sensors (92) includes an outside air temperature sensor (92A) and an air intake sensor (92D). The outside air temperature sensor (92A) is disposed outside the engine and configured to measure an outside air temperature. The air intake sensor (92D) is disposed inside the air intake (40) and configured to measure an air intake temperature (T1). The controller (26) is configured to calculate an actual charge heating value (CHactual), compare the CHactual to a charge heating threshold value (CHthresh) to identify the CHactual is greater than or less than the CHthresh, identify a presence or an absence of an unusual engine performance condition for the engine, and identify a presence or an absence of a blockage condition of the air intake (40) based on the CHactual greater than the CHthresh and the presence of the unusual engine performance condition.