Monolithic Aircraft Tray Table With 3D-Printed Flexural Hinges

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional aircraft tray tables are composed of multiple separate sub-assemblies, which increase complexity, weight, cost, and difficulty in installation and maintenance, while also compromising customer experience.

Innovation Solution

A single-structured tray table utilizing flexural hinges, manufactured through 3D printing, which integrates all components into a unitary structure, reducing parts and weight, and simplifying manufacturing and deployment.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional tray tables use multiple separate sub-assemblies, then structural strength and reliability are improved, but device complexity, weight, and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural strengthVSAvoidnumber of components
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple separate sub-assemblies (tray table body, hinges, connectors, reinforcement elements) into a single monolithic component manufactured via 3D printing. This integration eliminates the need for separate parts while maintaining structural integrity through the flexural hinge design that provides necessary flexibility and strength within the unified structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The single monolithic tray table component performs multiple functions that previously required separate parts: structural support, hinge functionality, connector elements, and reinforcement are all integrated into one component. The flexural hinges provide both structural connection and rotational movement capability within the same piece.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of repair

If conventional tray tables use multiple separate sub-assemblies, then ease of repair is improved, but manufacturing cost and assembly complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemaintenance accessibilityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of repairVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines all tray table components into one manufacturable unit, reducing the number of parts that need to be inventoried, assembled, and maintained. While individual repairability of specific features is reduced, the overall maintenance complexity decreases due to fewer connection points and interfaces that can fail.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the manufacturing parameter from traditional subtractive or assembly-based production to additive manufacturing (3D printing). This enables cost-effective production of complex monolithic structures with integrated features that would be expensive or impossible to manufacture using conventional methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If flexural hinges are used instead of conventional hinges, then device complexity and weight are reduced, but manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenumber of hinge componentsVSAvoidflexural hinge geometry
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical hinge systems (with separate pins, leaves, and connectors) with flexural hinges that use elastic deformation of the monolithic structure to achieve rotational movement. This substitution eliminates complex mechanical assemblies in favor of a simplified elastic mechanism enabled by 3D printing precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the manufacturing process to 3D printing, which provides the necessary precision for creating the complex flexural hinge geometries. The additive manufacturing process can accurately produce the curved, varying-thickness cross-sections of the flexural hinges that are difficult or impossible to achieve with conventional manufacturing methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Productivity

If 3D printing is used to manufacture the tray table, then productivity and manufacturing efficiency are improved, but equipment investment and initial cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing efficiencyVSAvoidequipment investment
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs 3D printing to create a complete, pre-assembled monolithic tray table component in a single manufacturing operation. This preliminary formation of the entire structure with all features integrated eliminates subsequent assembly operations, reducing overall manufacturing time and increasing productivity despite the higher initial equipment investment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The tray table requires less resultant force for deployment and stowage, reduces weight and manufacturing costs, and enhances ease of installation and customer experience, while also enabling precise and efficient production through 3D printing.

Implementation Method 1

The flexural hinges are configured to provide motion (e.g., a pivot) between two adjacent portions/members by elastic deformation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

A method of 3D printing the tray table is also disclosed in accordance with claim 9. The method may be performed by stereolithography (SLA)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStereolithography: 3D Printing

Data Source

PatentEP4253237B1Integrally formed tray table with flexural hinges
Publication Date: 2025.06.04 BE AEROSPACE INC
  • EP4253237B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4253237B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4B
  • EP4253237B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6B

AI summary

A tray table (200) for an aircraft and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The tray table (200) comprises a base portion (210), a first tray table portion, and a second tray table portion. A first flexural hinge (240) pivots the first tray table portion relative to the base portion (210). A second flexural hinge (250) pivots the second tray table portion relative to the first tray table portion. The first flexural hinge (240) and the second flexural hinge (250) comprise flexural members (245a-c, 255a-c) which are pliable to enable the respective flexural hinge to pivot. The base portion (210), the first surface portion, the first flexural hinge (240), the second surface portion, and the second flexural hinge (250) are integrally formed to provide a unitary tray table (200) construction.