Turbine Airfoil Cooling Hole Layout for Film Cooling Durability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing turbine blade airfoil designs and cooling schemes in gas turbine engines lack optimal placement and distribution of cooling holes, leading to inefficiencies in cooling effectiveness and durability.

Innovation Solution

The airfoil and rotor blade designs incorporate a specific set of Cartesian coordinates to precisely locate cooling holes, enhancing their distribution and alignment with the airfoil's geometry, thereby improving cooling efficiency and durability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional cooling hole placement methods are used, then manufacturing is simpler, but cooling effectiveness is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling effectivenessVSAvoidcooling hole placement precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by varying the distribution, size, and orientation of cooling holes at different locations on the airfoil surface. Each region receives a customized cooling hole pattern optimized for its specific thermal and flow conditions, thereby improving overall cooling effectiveness without requiring uniform high-precision manufacturing across the entire component.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from conventional two-dimensional cooling hole patterns to a three-dimensional coordinate system (x, y, z coordinates) for defining cooling hole locations. This dimensional enhancement allows precise specification of hole positions, depths, and orientations, resolving the contradiction between improved cooling effectiveness and manufacturing precision requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Temperature

If cooling holes are added to improve cooling, then thermal protection is improved, but structural integrity may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal protectionVSAvoidstructural integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by strategically placing cooling holes only in regions where thermal protection is most critical, rather than uniformly distributing them across the entire airfoil. The varying hole sizes and patterns in different zones optimize thermal protection while minimizing impact on structural integrity in load-bearing regions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses partial action by implementing cooling holes only in specific regions where they are most needed for thermal management, rather than applying cooling throughout the entire structure. This selective approach provides sufficient thermal protection while preserving structural integrity in areas where cooling holes are not required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Productivity

If precise Cartesian coordinates are used for cooling hole placement, then cooling efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling efficiencyVSAvoidcoordinate system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (x, y, z) to define cooling hole locations, depths, and orientations. While this adds mathematical complexity, it enables precise control over cooling hole placement and geometry, significantly improving cooling efficiency. The coordinate-based approach provides a systematic method that can be implemented through computational design and manufacturing processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes parameter changes by defining cooling hole characteristics (location, depth, diameter, orientation) through numerical coordinate values. This parametric approach allows for systematic optimization of cooling hole patterns and facilitates integration with computational fluid dynamics and manufacturing processes, balancing the increased complexity with measurable improvements in cooling efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The precise placement of cooling holes using Cartesian coordinates enhances the film cooling effectiveness and structural integrity of turbine blades, reducing material degradation and extending component lifespan.

Implementation Method 1

The array of external cooling holes provides film cooling to the airfoil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFilm cooling: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP4717879A1Turbine engine airfoil with cooling hole pattern
Publication Date: 2026.04.01 RTX CORP
  • EP4717879A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4717879A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4717879A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An apparatus is provided for a turbine engine (20). This turbine engine apparatus includes an airfoil (84), and the airfoil (84) includes a first end (88), a second end (90), a leading edge (92), a trailing edge (94), a first side (98), a second side (100) and a plurality of cooling holes (86). The leading edge (92), the trailing edge (94), the first side (98) and the second side (100) extend spanwise from the first end (88) to the second end (90). The first side (98) and the second side (100) extend longitudinally between and meet at the leading edge (92) and the trailing edge (94). The cooling holes (86) are located in the airfoil (84) according to a set of Cartesian coordinates of Table 1, and the set of Cartesian coordinates of Table 1 describe distances from a point of origin (104) on the airfoil (84) to the cooling holes (86).