Airfoil Machining Template for Accurate Feature Positioning

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Solution Overview

Problem

The manufacturing of airfoils with complex shapes is challenging due to variations in as-cast geometry, leading to difficulties in accurately locating features like sensors, which conventional 2D drawings and model-only definitions fail to address effectively, resulting in incorrect feature placement and increased validation time and cost.

Innovation Solution

A machining tool positioning template that includes a body shaped to mate with the airfoil's surface, featuring machining tool positioning members at specific x, y, z coordinates and angles, allowing for precise tool placement without relying on ideal datums, and can be reused or formed using additive manufacturing for accurate feature machining.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If conventional 2D drawings or model-only definitions are used to locate airfoil features, then the manufacturing process is simplified, but the manufacturing precision of feature placement deteriorates due to casting variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of machining processVSAvoidaccuracy of feature placement
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a physical copy (template) of the airfoil's external surface that captures the actual casting geometry. This template is then used to transfer accurate feature locations directly onto the airfoil, bypassing the need to interpret 2D drawings or model coordinates. The template serves as a physical replica that embodies the true positions of all features, resolving the contradiction by providing both ease of use (simple template placement) and high precision (accurate feature transfer).

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The template is prepared in advance with all feature locations pre-marked or pre-positioned based on the ideal model. This preliminary action of creating the template with embedded feature positions allows the actual machining to proceed simply by following the template, eliminating the need for complex coordinate calculations during machining while ensuring high precision through the pre-established feature locations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Manufacturing precision

If blue light scanning is performed to correct feature positioning, then the manufacturing precision improves, but the loss of time and cost increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of feature positioningVSAvoidtime for scanning and model updating
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of using expensive and time-consuming blue light scanning to capture the airfoil geometry, the patent uses a simpler copying method where a template is physically created from the airfoil's external surface. This template copy provides the necessary geometric information for accurate feature placement without requiring sophisticated scanning equipment or extensive data processing, thus achieving high precision while minimizing time and cost investment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The template acts as an intermediary device that bridges the gap between the airfoil's actual geometry and the feature locations. Rather than directly scanning the airfoil and updating models, the template mediates the transfer of geometric information, providing a simple physical interface that eliminates the need for complex scanning and computational processes while maintaining accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Manufacturing precision

If blue light scanning is used to ensure proper feature positioning, then the manufacturing precision improves, but the cost of production increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of feature positioningVSAvoidcost of scanning and model updating
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces expensive scanning technology with a low-cost physical template copying approach. The template can be created using simple methods such as molding or direct measurement, avoiding the need for costly blue light scanners and associated software licensing fees. This copying method provides sufficient precision for feature placement at a fraction of the cost of scanning solutions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The template serves as a disposable or single-use tool that can be created inexpensively and discarded after use. Rather than investing in expensive, reusable scanning equipment, the patent employs a cheap template that achieves the same precision goal for a minimal cost, effectively sacrificing the longevity of the tooling to reduce overall production costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Data Source

PatentEP3067140B1Machining tool positioning template for airfoil
Publication Date: 2021.12.22 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP3067140B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3067140B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3067140B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A template (100) is provided that may include a body (110) having an interior surface (112) shaped to substantially mate with an exterior surface (114, 122) of at least a portion of an airfoil. At least one machining tool positioning member (120) is positioned on the body (110) and configured to locate a machining tool for operation on the airfoil. In another embodiment, the template (100) may include a longitudinal slit (124) allowing selective placement and selective removal of the body (110) from the airfoil, and/or a longitudinal positioning element at an end of the body (110) for positioning the template (100) relative to an endwall of the airfoil.