Wearable Airway Constriction Monitoring via Exhalation–Inhalation Time Trends
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing monitoring technologies for cardiopulmonary conditions, such as COPD and CHF, often require ambulatory care, leading to potential prolonged deterioration and inadequate treatment due to difficulty in adhering to routine monitoring, resulting in unfavorable prognosis and costly interventions.
Innovation Solution
A wearable device with multiple electrodes and sensors, including thoracic impedance and inertial sensors, generates measurement signals to monitor cardiopulmonary conditions non-ambulatory, allowing real-time detection of status changes through metrics like respiratory ratios and chest wall movement, communicated to a processing platform for immediate action recommendations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If ambulatory care monitoring is used, then cardiopulmonary condition can be monitored by clinician, but prolonged deterioration occurs between visits and adherence is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The wearable device enables patients to self-monitor their cardiopulmonary conditions continuously at home, eliminating the need for clinician visits. The device automatically detects status changes and communicates with healthcare providers, transforming passive periodic monitoring into active continuous self-monitoring that prevents deterioration between visits.
Solution Approach 2:
The system provides continuous monitoring action through the wearable device that operates 24/7 without interruption. Unlike periodic ambulatory care visits, the device continuously captures physiological data, maintaining constant surveillance of cardiopulmonary status and enabling immediate detection of worsening conditions.
2Loss of information
If routine ambulatory care visits are scheduled, then condition status can be updated, but adherence to long-term routine is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The device automates the monitoring routine, eliminating the need for patients to actively schedule and attend visits. The wearable device autonomously collects data, processes measurements, and communicates status changes to healthcare providers, transforming the burden of adherence from the patient to the system itself.
Solution Approach 2:
The system provides automatic feedback to both patients and clinicians through continuous data transmission. The device sends real-time information about cardiopulmonary status, triggering alerts when deterioration is detected, creating a closed-loop feedback mechanism that eliminates the need for manual patient recall and clinician scheduling.
3Reliability
If monitoring waits for status change identification, then intervention can be timely, but prolonged deterioration occurs before identification
Solution Approach 1:
The device performs preliminary detection of status changes continuously, identifying deteriorations before they become clinically significant. By monitoring trends in physiological parameters in real-time, the system can trigger early warnings that enable preventive intervention before severe deterioration occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The continuous monitoring action of the wearable device ensures that status changes are detected immediately as they occur, rather than waiting for periodic visits. The uninterrupted collection of physiological data creates a continuous picture of health status, enabling real-time identification of deterioration trends.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous, remote monitoring of cardiopulmonary conditions, reducing prolonged deterioration and improving prognosis by providing timely interventions and data-rich pulmonary ventilation monitoring without reliance on health facilities.
Implementation Method 1
generating, by one or more processors, individually or in combination, using thoracic impedance (TI) measurement signals during a time interval, respiration signals corresponding to a subject
Implementation Method 2
generating, by the one or more processors, individually or in combination, using acceleration measurement signals during the time interval, movement signals corresponding to movement of a chest wall of the subject
Data Source
AI summary
Technologies are provided for monitoring of status changes of a cardiopulmonary condition. In some cases, a method includes: receiving, thoracic impedance (TI) measurement signals corresponding to a subject, the TI measurement signals being time-dependent and obtained during a time interval; generating, using the TI measurement signals, respiration signals corresponding to the subject during the time interval; determining, over the time interval, using the respiration signals, multiple values of a ratio of an exhalation time and an inhalation time of the subject; monitoring, over the time interval, using the multiple values, a time-dependence of the ratio; and identifying, based on the time-dependence, a status change of a cardiopulmonary condition of the subject.