Aluminum Capacitor Electrolyte with Alkyl Phosphate Anion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrolytic solutions for aluminum electrolytic capacitors either have excessively low sparking voltage or risk corroding capacitor elements due to hydrolysis of tetrafluoroaluminic acid, which generates hydrogen fluoride.
Innovation Solution
An electrolytic solution containing an alkyl phosphate anion and a cation, with a phosphoric acid content of 1% by weight or less, is used, which maintains specific conductivity at 4 to 25 mS/cm and prevents corrosion of capacitor elements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If an electrolytic solution containing tetrafluoroaluminate ion is used, then sparking voltage is high, but tetrafluoroaluminic acid is hydrolyzed to generate hydrogen fluoride which corrodes aluminum oxide anode foil
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the harmful tetrafluoroaluminate ion component from the electrolytic solution and replaces it with alternative electrolytes that do not generate corrosive hydrogen fluoride through hydrolysis, while maintaining high sparking voltage through careful selection of organic solvents and electrolyte combinations
Solution Approach 2:
The patent addresses the hydrolysis issue by selecting electrolytes and organic solvents with appropriate chemical stability characteristics, converting the potential harm of hydrolysis into a beneficial stable system where no corrosive byproducts are generated, thus protecting the aluminum oxide anode foil
2Reliability
If an electrolytic solution containing phthalic acid and quaternary salt is used, then specific conductivity is maintained, but sparking voltage is excessively low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolytic solution by selecting specific organic solvents (cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates, cyclic carboxylic acid lactones) and electrolytes (lithium salts, aluminum salts) with appropriate ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability, achieving both high specific conductivity and high sparking voltage through optimized parameter selection
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves high sparking voltage while maintaining specific conductivity and preventing corrosion of capacitor elements, ensuring reliable operation and reducing the risk of short circuits.
Implementation Method 1
an electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte (C) composed of an alkyl phosphate anion (A) represented by formula (1) or (2) given below and a cation (B), and an organic solvent (D), wherein the content of phosphoric acid contained in the electrolytic solution is 1% by weight or less, and... maintaining its specific conductivity at 30° C. of 4 to 25 mS/cm
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides an electrolytic solution for aluminum electrolytic capacitors which has a high sparking voltage while maintaining its specific conductivity at 30° C. of 4 to 25 mS/cm and which has no possibility of corroding capacitor elements, and an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using the same. The electrolytic solution of the present invention is characterized as being an electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte (C) composed of an alkyl phosphate anion (A) represented by formula (1) or (2) given below and a cation (B), and an organic solvent (D), wherein the content of phosphoric acid in the electrolytic solution is 1% by weight or less:wherein R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and R2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.