Alkylamino Alkyloxy Ether Absorbent for Selective H2S Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for selectively removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from gas mixtures containing CO2 are inefficient, especially at low H2S partial pressures, leading to high CO2 removal and material losses due to volatility issues with existing amine solutions.
Innovation Solution
A catalytically synthesized alkylaminoalkyloxy alkyl ethers are used as absorbents, produced by reacting alkyloxy alcohol ethers with alkyl amines, which resist cyclization and are effective in selectively absorbing H2S from gas mixtures containing CO2, with improved selectivity and capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional amine solutions are used for acid gas removal, then both CO2 and H2S are removed simultaneously, but selective H2S removal is achieved with high CO2 removal as a trade-off
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of amine absorbents by introducing alkylaminoalkyloxy groups with specific molecular weights and branching patterns. This structural parameter change reduces the amine's reactivity toward CO2 while maintaining high H2S absorption capacity, achieving selective H2S removal with minimal CO2 co-removal.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite amine structures combining sterically hindered amino groups with specific alkyloxy ether chains. This composite structure provides both high H2S selectivity and reduced CO2 reactivity, resolving the contradiction between selective H2S removal and minimizing CO2 removal.
2Productivity
If sterically hindered amines are used to achieve nearly complete removal of acid gases, then H2S and CO2 removal efficiency is improved, but the process becomes suitable only for low partial pressure applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adjusts the steric hindrance parameters of the amine structure by varying the alkyl group size and position, as well as the alkyloxy chain length. This optimization allows the absorbent to maintain high removal efficiency across a broader range of partial pressures, including high CO2 partial pressure conditions.
3Quantity of substance
If primary and secondary amines are used for H2S absorption, then H2S and CO2 absorption capacity is improved, but CO2 reacts readily to form carbamates reducing H2S selectivity
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the amine type from primary or secondary to sterically hindered tertiary amines with specific alkylaminoalkyloxy structures. This structural modification reduces the tendency to form carbamates with CO2 while maintaining high H2S absorption capacity through the basic amino group.
4Manufacturing precision
If existing amine solutions are used for gas scrubbing, then H2S removal is achieved, but material losses occur due to volatility and regeneration requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the physical parameters of the amine solution by introducing heavier alkyloxy ether chains with higher molecular weights. This increases the boiling point and reduces volatility of the amine, thereby minimizing material losses during operation and regeneration while maintaining H2S removal effectiveness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The absorbents exhibit high selectivity and loading capacity for H2S, maintaining effectiveness even after regeneration, and reduce material losses and operational costs by minimizing CO2 absorption and volatility issues.
Implementation Method 1
the absorbents exhibit high selectivity and loading capacity for H2S, maintaining effectiveness even after regeneration
Implementation Method 2
The amine usually contacts the acidic gases and the liquids as an aqueous solution containing the amine in an absorber tower
Implementation Method 3
A catalytically synthesized alkylaminoalkyloxy alkyl ethers are used as absorbents, produced by reacting alkyloxy alcohol ethers with alkyl amines
Data Source
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AI summary
An acid gas absorbent comprising an alkylamino alkyloxy (alcohol) monoalkyl ether and a process for the selective removal Of H2S from gaseous mixtures containing H2S and CO2 using an absorbent solution comprising an alkylamino alkyloxy alcohol monoalkyl ether.