Alkylating Pathogen Inactivation with Neutralization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for pathogen inactivation in blood and blood products often damage the source material or leave toxic residues, lacking universal effectiveness and specificity, particularly in targeting microbial contaminants without harming biologic proteins.
Innovation Solution
The use of alkylating compounds like ZD010, followed by neutralization with sodium thiosulfate, to inactivate microbial contaminants, with subsequent removal of residual compounds using solid-phase agents that sequester or neutralize toxic by-products, ensuring minimal harm to the treated sample.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If alkylating compounds are used to inactivate microbial contaminants, then pathogen inactivation effectiveness is improved, but toxic residues are left in the treated sample
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the harmful alkylating compound from the treated sample after pathogen inactivation is achieved. This is done through dialysis or filtration processes that extract the small-molecule alkylating agent while retaining the large-molecule blood products, thereby eliminating toxic residues while maintaining pathogen inactivation effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs pathogen inactivation with the alkylating compound before removing it. By completing the inactivation function first and then removing the compound, the system ensures reliable pathogen control while subsequently eliminating toxic residues that would otherwise harm the patient
2Reliability
If alkylating compounds are used to inactivate pathogens, then microbial contaminant reduction is improved, but damage to blood products occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the alkylating compound from the blood products after treatment. By removing the small-molecule alkylating agent through dialysis or filtration while retaining the large-molecule blood products, the system achieves microbial contaminant reduction without leaving the compound to cause ongoing damage to the blood products
Solution Approach 2:
The patent completes the pathogen inactivation function before removing the alkylating compound. This timing ensures that the beneficial microbial contaminant reduction is achieved while minimizing the duration of exposure that could cause damage to blood products
3Reliability
If existing pathogen inactivation methods are used, then some level of pathogen control is achieved, but universal effectiveness is lacking
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs an alkylating compound that can inactivate multiple types of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, and parasites through a common mechanism of nucleic acid alkylation. This single compound provides universal pathogen control across different pathogen classes, overcoming the limitations of pathogen-specific methods
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively inactivates microbial contaminants while minimizing damage to blood products and reducing toxic residues, providing a safer and more effective method for pathogen reduction in blood-derived samples.
Implementation Method 1
Alkylating compounds can inactivate microbial contaminants without the need for photoactivation
Implementation Method 2
The challenge with this approach is to develop compounds which effectively penetrate the pathogens' cell walls, membranes, and envelopes
Implementation Method 3
U.S. Pat. No. 10,173,976, the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference for all it teaches regarding microbial contaminant inactivation, describes compositions and compounds having two or more aziridinyl groups, interconnected through polyamine constructs, that have high and selective affinity to nucleic acids
Data Source
AI summary
Described herein are methods for inactivation or reduction of pathogens, microorganisms or parasites in a sample, media, composition, utility, device, surface or organism by treatment with an alkylating compound of Structure I, followed by elimination or reduction of the residual compound of Structure I by treatment with a neutralizing agent, which eliminates or reduces the toxicity or other undesirable properties of the alkylating compound having Structure I. The neutralizing agent can be present in a treatment solution or be part of a solid-phase agent, and acts by eliminating the alkylating properties of the alkylating compound of Structure I.