All-Solid-State Battery Lithium Layer Dendrite Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium dendrites grow through gaps in the solid electrolyte layer during charging and discharging, leading to battery short circuits and capacity reduction when lithium is used as a negative electrode active material, hindering the commercialization of all-solid-state batteries.
Innovation Solution
An all-solid-state battery design that forms a lithium layer during charging without a separate negative electrode active material layer, using a silver nanolayer or nanoparticles between the negative electrode current collector and the solid electrolyte layer, replacing amorphous carbon to prevent dendrite growth and enhance energy density.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If lithium is used as a negative electrode active material to increase energy density, then energy density is improved, but lithium dendrites grow through gaps in the solid electrolyte layer causing short circuits and capacity reduction
Solution Approach 1:
A buffer layer comprising amorphous carbon and silver nanoparticles is introduced between the lithium layer and the solid electrolyte layer. This buffer layer acts as an intermediary that prevents direct contact and interaction between lithium dendrites and the solid electrolyte, thereby eliminating the harmful effects of dendrite growth while maintaining the high energy density benefits of lithium as a negative electrode active material.
2Reliability
If a buffer layer comprising amorphous carbon and silver nanoparticles is introduced between the lithium layer and the solid electrolyte layer, then lithium dendrite growth is prevented and battery reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The buffer layer is applied locally only at the critical interface between the lithium layer and the solid electrolyte layer, rather than throughout the entire battery structure. This localized application minimizes the increase in device complexity while providing maximum protection against dendrite growth at the specific location where it is most needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The buffer layer is constructed as a composite material combining amorphous carbon and silver nanoparticles. This composite structure leverages the complementary properties of both materials - the protective characteristics of amorphous carbon and the beneficial electrical and structural properties of silver nanoparticles - to achieve effective dendrite prevention with a relatively simple layered structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Prevents lithium dendrite growth and short circuits while maximizing energy density, achieving excellent capacity retention over cycles without amorphous carbon, with initial discharge capacity of 185 mAh/g and 80% capacity retention after 50 cycles.
Implementation Method 1
a buffer layer comprising amorphous carbon and silver nanoparticles is introduced between the lithium layer and the solid electrolyte layer
Implementation Method 2
as charging and discharging processes are repeated
Data Source
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AI summary
According to the present disclosure, provided is an all-solid-state battery, particularly an all-solid-state battery in which a lithium layer is formed during a charging process without forming a separate negative electrode active material layer on a negative electrode current collector during the manufacturing process of the battery, wherein energy density may be further maximized by not including amorphous carbon between the negative electrode current collector and a solid electrolyte layer, and the lithium dendrites may be prevented from growing through the gaps in the solid electrolyte layer as charging and discharging processes are repeated, even without including amorphous carbon, thereby solving the defects of generating short circuits or capacity reduction, and further, exhibiting excellent capacity retention according to the cycle.