IgG Depletion for Accurate Allergen IgE Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Blood-based anti-allergen specific IgE tests are less reliable due to the presence of IgG antibodies, which compete with IgE for binding to allergens, leading to inaccurate results and potential false negatives, especially in cases where allergen levels are low.
Innovation Solution
A method involving IgG depletion using Protein G and streptavidin to reduce IgG levels in a subject sample, allowing for accurate detection of IgE specific to allergens by adding an IgG binder and an aggregator, such as Biotinylated Protein G and streptavidin, to form complexes that can be filtered out, thereby reducing competition and enhancing assay sensitivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If IgG depletion is performed using Protein G and streptavidin, then measurement precision of IgE levels is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing IgG depletion before IgE detection. The method pre-treats the serum sample with Protein G and streptavidin to remove IgG antibodies that would otherwise interfere with subsequent IgE measurements. This preliminary removal of interfering substances ensures that the subsequent IgE detection proceeds without competition, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining a manageable procedural complexity through systematic sample preparation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies the extraction principle by selectively removing IgG from the serum sample using Protein G-bound streptavidin complexes. The IgG antibodies are extracted and separated from the sample matrix, leaving behind the IgE antibodies and other components needed for accurate detection. This selective extraction eliminates the harmful interference of IgG while preserving the target analyte, directly improving measurement precision without requiring complete sample redesign.
2Reliability
If IgG depletion is performed to eliminate interference, then reliability of allergen detection is improved, but loss of time increases due to additional steps
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing IgG depletion before IgE detection. The method pre-treats the serum sample with Protein G and streptavidin to remove IgG antibodies that would otherwise interfere with subsequent IgE measurements. This preliminary removal of interfering substances ensures that the subsequent IgE detection proceeds without competition, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining a manageable procedural complexity through systematic sample preparation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies the extraction principle by selectively removing IgG from the serum sample using Protein G-bound streptavidin complexes. The IgG antibodies are extracted and separated from the sample matrix, leaving behind the IgE antibodies and other components needed for accurate detection. This selective extraction eliminates the harmful interference of IgG while preserving the target analyte, directly improving measurement precision without requiring complete sample redesign.
3Measurement precision
If IgG binder and aggregator are added to deplete IgG, then purity of IgE measurement is improved, but quantity of substance used increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the extraction principle by selectively removing IgG from the serum sample using Protein G-bound streptavidin complexes. The IgG antibodies are extracted and separated from the sample matrix, leaving behind the IgE antibodies and other components needed for accurate detection. This selective extraction eliminates the harmful interference of IgG while preserving the target analyte, directly improving measurement precision without requiring complete sample redesign.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies composite materials by using a combination of Protein G and streptavidin working together as a depletion system. Protein G binds specifically to IgG, while streptavidin provides aggregation capability when biotinylated. This composite approach creates an effective IgG removal system where the two components synergize to achieve both specific binding and efficient aggregation, improving IgE signal clarity while managing reagent consumption through targeted action.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The IgG depletion method improves the accuracy of allergen detection by allowing IgE to bind effectively to allergens, recovering signal strength and enabling the detection of clinically meaningful IgE levels even in the presence of high IgG concentrations, thus overcoming the interference caused by IgG.
Implementation Method 1
adding an IgG binder to the subject sample; and adding an IgG binder aggregator to the subject sample
Implementation Method 2
adding an IgG binder aggregator to the subject sample
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein are methods of allergen testing and IgG depletion. In some embodiments, testing for IgE antibodies specific for an allergen may be improved by first depleting IgG in a sample. In some embodiments, IgG may be depleted using Biotinylated Protein G (bPG) and streptavidin (SA).