Osteo-articular Allograft Knee Reconstruction for Kneeling Flexion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for osteoarthritis of the knee, such as total knee replacement, are associated with various complications including pain, disability, and limited functionality, particularly in enabling activities like kneeling.
Innovation Solution
The method involves resection of the patella, patellar tendon, and bone grafting using a single complete osteo-articular allograft to replace the knee joint, with metallic plates for fixation, allowing for full knee flexion and enabling kneeling through precise surgical techniques and allograft selection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If total knee replacement is performed, then pain relief and joint functionality are improved, but complications such as infection, nerve injury, and limited functionality (including inability to kneel) occur
Solution Approach 1:
The allograft is divided into modular components including femoral component, tibial component, and patellar component that can be selectively used based on patient needs. This segmentation allows customization of the reconstruction while maintaining overall joint functionality and reducing unnecessary intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs controlled freezing and thawing parameters to preserve allograft viability while eliminating harmful pathogens. Specific temperature ranges and duration parameters are optimized to maintain structural integrity and biological functionality of the graft while ensuring safety.
2Adaptability or versatility
If complete osteo-articular allograft is used to replace knee joint, then full knee flexion and kneeling capability are achieved, but surgical complexity and fixation requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple bone grafting procedures (femur, tibia, patella) are merged into a single complete osteo-articular allograft transplantation. This consolidation simplifies the surgical workflow by replacing multiple separate procedures with one comprehensive graft, reducing overall surgical complexity while achieving full functional restoration.
Solution Approach 2:
The allograft is prepared and frozen in advance before surgery to ensure optimal preservation and eliminate pathogens. This preliminary preparation allows the surgical team to focus on precise implantation and fixation during the actual procedure, reducing intraoperative complexity.
3Strength
If metallic plates are used for fixation of allograft, then stability and early union are promoted, but risk of metal hypersensitivity and periprosthetic complications increases
Solution Approach 1:
The fixation system combines metallic plates with bone screws and biological bone graft material to create a composite construction. This composite approach provides mechanical stability through the metallic components while the biological bone material promotes natural healing and reduces long-term complications associated with pure metal fixation.
Solution Approach 2:
The metallic fixation plates are designed to replicate and reinforce the natural bone structure temporarily during healing. The plates copy the structural requirements of the bone without permanently replacing it, allowing natural bone to heal and then be removed or retained based on healing progress, thus reducing long-term metal-related complications.
Data Source
AI summary
The method of treating osteoarthritis of the knee (OAK) includes resection of the patella, patellar tendon, proximal tibia, and distal femur, and bone grafting after resection. The bone grafting includes using a single complete osteo-articular allograft configured to replace the knee joint, distal femur, and proximal tibia. Metallic plates are used for internal fixation of the allograft. The procedure can provide patients with full knee flexion, and thereby enable kneeling, e.g., as required in the Islamic prayer.