Alloy Inclusion Mapping via SEM-EDS Image Analysis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for counting and analyzing inclusions in alloys are laborious, imprecise, and incomplete, as they rely on manual comparison under an optical microscope, lacking chemical composition information and requiring multiple samples for accurate characterization.

Innovation Solution

A method involving sample preparation, detection threshold setting, inclusion counting, image acquisition, chemical composition analysis, and spatial distribution mapping using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive microanalysis, with software for image and chemical data processing to create a comprehensive and practical mapping of inclusions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If manual comparison under optical microscope is used, then the method is simple to operate, but the measurement precision and completeness are poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of operationVSAvoidmeasurement precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the manual mechanical comparison method under optical microscope with an automated image analysis system using scanning electron microscope and computer processing. The system automatically detects, counts, and analyzes inclusions based on digital images, eliminating human bias and manual operation limitations while significantly improving measurement precision and completeness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates digital copies (images) of the alloy sample surfaces and analyzes these copies automatically. By capturing images at high magnification and processing them through software algorithms, the system achieves precise measurement of inclusion parameters without requiring manual intervention, thus resolving the contradiction between operational simplicity and measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Device complexity

If manual comparison method is used, then the device complexity is low, but the quantity of information obtained is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidinformation completeness
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a multi-functional image analysis system that simultaneously performs multiple tasks: detecting inclusion presence, counting inclusions, measuring sizes, determining chemical compositions through energy dispersive microanalysis, and mapping spatial distributions. This single integrated system replaces multiple separate manual operations and provides comprehensive information about inclusionary characteristics that would otherwise require multiple separate analyses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces digital images as an intermediary carrier that contains comprehensive information about inclusions. By capturing and processing these images through software algorithms, the system extracts multiple parameters (quantity, size, composition, distribution) simultaneously, thereby preventing information loss while maintaining reasonable device complexity through automated processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Measurement precision

If multiple samples are observed to ensure representativeness, then the measurement precision improves, but the productivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidproductivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements continuous automated scanning and analysis of the alloy sample surface. The image analysis system continuously processes multiple fields of view to build a comprehensive map of inclusions, maintaining constant productive operation without interruption. This continuous automated action ensures statistical representativeness while eliminating the time-consuming manual repetition required when using multiple separate samples.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from analyzing discrete separate samples to continuously scanning a large representative area of a single sample. By expanding the analysis dimension from multiple small samples to a comprehensive map covering large areas, the system achieves both statistical representativeness and high productivity through automated continuous processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

4Loss of information

If chemical composition analysis is performed on each inclusion, then the information completeness improves, but the time consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation completenessVSAvoidtime consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the image analysis and chemical composition analysis operations into a single integrated process. By combining the scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive microanalysis capability, the system simultaneously obtains both morphological information (from images) and chemical composition data (from spectroscopy) for each inclusion in one unified analysis, thereby improving information completeness without proportionally increasing time consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables precise measurement of inclusion parameters, improving productivity and providing complete data on inclusion distribution and chemical composition, enhancing the characterization of alloy cleanliness and fatigue resistance.

Implementation Method 1

a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive microanalysis

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectron beam interaction: Electron Beam

Implementation Method 2

energy dispersive microanalysis, with software for image and chemical data processing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEnergy dispersive microanalysis: X-Ray

Data Source

PatentEP2350623B1Inclusion counting in alloys by image analysis
Publication Date: 2018.09.05 SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES SAS
  • EP2350623B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2350623B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for counting and analysing an alloy by image analysis, characterised in that the method includes: (a) preparing a sample of said alloy; (b) predetermining thresholds for detecting inclusions by observing with magnification at least one field of said sample; (c) detecting inclusions of said sample according to the thresholds defined in step (b) and counting said inclusions; (d) acquiring images of each of said inclusions detected in step (c) and determining the size of each of said inclusions; (e) determining the chemical composition of each of said detected inclusions by the chemical analysis of each inclusion; (f) mapping said sample on the basis of images acquired during step (d), said map showing the spatial distribution of the inclusions, in which each one of said detected inclusions is represented by a graphical element, the size of said graphical element being proportional to said size of said inclusion, and the colour of said graphical element being correlated with said chemical composition of said inclusion.