Normally-off III-nitride FET with AlN Gate Insulator

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Solution Overview

Problem

The incompatibility between the process of forming MOCVD AlN gate insulators and PECVD SiN passivation dielectrics in III-nitride transistors leads to degradation and processing compatibility issues, hindering the achievement of low leakage current and high breakdown voltage with low on-resistance in normally-off III-nitride transistors.

Innovation Solution

A method is developed to fabricate a normally-off III-nitride FET with a gate insulator stack comprising single-crystalline AlN, polycrystalline AlN, and SiN, where the single-crystalline AlN provides a high-quality interface and energy barrier, and the SiN layer serves as a blocking layer, while a PECVD SiN passivation dielectric is used to mitigate trapping effects, ensuring compatibility and minimizing on-resistance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If MOCVD AlN is used as gate insulator and PECVD SiN as passivation dielectric, then low leakage current and high breakdown voltage are achieved, but the PECVD SiN film is degraded by the MOCVD AlN process

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebreakdown voltageVSAvoidfilm degradation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The PECVD SiN passivation dielectric is deposited first before the MOCVD AlN gate insulator. This preliminary action protects the SiN film from degradation by subsequent MOCVD processing, while still allowing the AlN to provide high breakdown voltage and low leakage current when used as the gate insulator layer.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The device uses a composite dielectric structure combining PECVD SiN and MOCVD AlN layers. The SiN provides passivation and mechanical protection, while the AlN provides high breakdown voltage and low leakage. The composite structure leverages the complementary strengths of both materials while managing their processing incompatibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If MOCVD AlN is used as gate insulator, then low leakage current is achieved, but processing compatibility with PECVD SiN passivation is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveleakage currentVSAvoidprocessing compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The PECVD SiN passivation layer is deposited in advance before the MOCVD AlN gate insulator formation. This sequence allows the MOCVD process to proceed without degrading the SiN film quality, maintaining processing compatibility while achieving low leakage current through the AlN gate insulator.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The dielectric structure is segmented into distinct functional layers: PECVD SiN for passivation and MOCVD AlN for gate insulation. This segmentation allows each material to be optimized for its specific function and processed using the most suitable deposition method, resolving the processing compatibility issue.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If normally-off mode operation is implemented, then device safety is improved, but on-resistance increases and output-current decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenormally-off operationVSAvoidon-resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The device uses parameter optimization in the AlGaN barrier layer composition and thickness to achieve normally-off operation with reduced on-resistance. By carefully controlling the Al content and layer thickness, the threshold voltage is adjusted to enable normally-off operation while minimizing the increase in on-resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The composite structure of AlGaN barrier layer with optimized composition and MOCVD AlN gate insulator enables normally-off operation with acceptable on-resistance. The high quality interface and energy barrier provided by the AlN layer help maintain low resistance while ensuring safe normally-off operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution achieves low gate leakage, high mobility, and a breakdown voltage greater than 600 volts with minimal on-resistance degradation, enabling efficient operation of III-nitride transistors in high-power applications.

Implementation Method 1

the single-crystalline AlN provides a high-quality interface and energy barrier

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEnergy barrier:

Implementation Method 2

the SiN layer serves as a blocking layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBlocking layer:

Implementation Method 3

a PECVD SiN passivation dielectric is used to mitigate trapping effects

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPassivation:

Implementation Method 4

forming a gate electrode filling the second trench

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric field: Electric Field

Data Source

PatentEP3053196B1Field effect transistor and method
Publication Date: 2021.08.11 HRL LAB
  • EP3053196B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3053196B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3053196B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A field-effect transistor (FET) includes a plurality of semiconductor layers, a source electrode and a drain electrode contacting one of the semiconductor layers, a first dielectric layer on a portion of a top semiconductor surface between the source and drain electrodes, a first trench extending through the first dielectric layer and having a bottom located on a top surface or within one of the semiconductor layers, a second dielectric layer lining the first trench and covering a portion of the first dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer over the semiconductor layers, the first dielectric layer, and the second dielectric layer, a second trench extending through the third dielectric layer and having a bottom located in the first trench on the second dielectric layer and extending over a portion of the second dielectric, and a gate electrode filling the second trench.