Alpha Ray Detection Shielding Member Gamma Noise
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing alpha ray observation devices face errors in measurement due to noise signals from gamma rays, especially when alpha ray sources also emit gamma rays or when gamma rays from the environment interfere with alpha ray measurements.
Innovation Solution
A light detecting unit with a shielding member made of high-density materials like tungsten, lead, or stainless steel is used to block gamma rays, combined with a travel direction changing unit and a collecting unit to ensure that only ultraviolet light from alpha rays reaches the light detector, while the shielding member attenuates gamma rays, and optional components like a thermometer and hygrometer correct for environmental factors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a conventional alpha ray observation device measures light emitted from nitrogen without shielding, then the device structure is simple, but gamma rays cause noise signals leading to measurement errors
Solution Approach 1:
A shielding member made of high-density material (lead, tungsten, or stainless steel with thickness 1-100 mm) is introduced as an intermediary component between the light detector and the measurement environment. This shielding member selectively blocks gamma rays while allowing ultraviolet light from nitrogen to pass through, thereby eliminating gamma ray-induced noise signals without complicating the overall device structure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical parameter of the detection system by introducing a shielding member with specific material properties (high density, specific thickness range). This parameter change enables selective attenuation of gamma rays based on their penetration characteristics, improving measurement precision while maintaining manageable device complexity through optimized thickness selection
2Reliability
If a shielding member is added to block gamma rays, then measurement accuracy improves, but the device becomes more complex and larger
Solution Approach 1:
The shielding member serves as a simple intermediary component that reliably blocks gamma rays. By positioning it between the measurement environment and the light detector, it provides a straightforward solution to improve measurement reliability without requiring complex systems or multiple active components
Solution Approach 2:
The shielding member is implemented as a passive, simple structural component made from readily available materials (lead, tungsten, or stainless steel). This approach uses a simple, inexpensive element rather than complex active systems, improving reliability through a straightforward, maintainable design
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for accurate measurement of alpha ray signals even in environments with gamma rays, reducing noise and ensuring precise detection of alpha rays by isolating ultraviolet light and attenuating gamma ray interference.
Implementation Method 1
a shielding member 21 which shields gamma rays
Implementation Method 2
a collecting unit 14a which collects light emitted from nitrogen
Implementation Method 3
a travel direction changing unit 13 which changes a direction in which the light emitted from nitrogen travels
Implementation Method 4
a light detector 11 which detects the light emitted from nitrogen
Data Source
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AI summary
According to an embodiment, a light detecting unit (201) of an alpha ray observation device observes an alpha ray by measuring generated light that is generated by the alpha ray produced in a region of a to-be-measured object (3). The light detecting unit (201) has a travel direction changing unit (13) that changes the direction of travel of generated light, a light detector (11) that detects direction-changed light, which is the generated light after the direction of travel is changed, and a shielding member (21) that shields the light detector (11) from radiation and has a portion that is provided on the line from the to-be-measured object (3) to the light detector (11). The shielding member (21) may also surround the perimeter of the light detector (11) and have an opening to allow generated light to reach the travel direction changing unit (13).