AlPO4 Coated Cathode and Protective Separator for Li-Ion Battery Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion batteries face security risks due to rapid temperature increase and potential burning during overcharging, and existing protective circuits are complex and prone to failure.
Innovation Solution
The lithium ion battery design includes a cathode with an AlPO4 layer-coated active material and a protective layer on the separator, which enhances chemical and thermal stability, preventing electron migration and heat-induced damage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a protective circuit is used to prevent battery damage, then battery safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the protective circuit from the battery system by incorporating safety functions directly into the battery's structural components (separator and electrode coatings), thereby maintaining safety while reducing device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The battery components perform safety functions autonomously through inherent properties: the separator provides thermal shutdown capability and the electrode coatings provide chemical stability, eliminating the need for external protective circuits
2Productivity
If the battery operates at high power and high energy density, then productivity is improved, but thermal stability deteriorates causing overheating and burning
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite material structures: the separator combines polyolefin base material with inorganic oxide coatings, and the electrode uses coated active materials, achieving both high performance and thermal stability through material composition
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the physical and chemical parameters of battery components through surface coatings and material composition adjustments, enabling the system to maintain stability under high power operating conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery achieves improved thermal and chemical stability, preventing overheating and burning during charging and discharging, even at high rates, without the need for a protective circuit, thus ensuring safer operation.
Implementation Method 1
a cathode with an AlPO4 layer-coated active material and a protective layer on the separator, which enhances chemical and thermal stability, preventing electron migration
Implementation Method 2
enhances chemical and thermal stability, preventing electron migration and heat-induced damage
Implementation Method 3
The separator includes a porous membrane and a protective layer coated on two opposite surfaces of the porous membrane
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery cathode includes a cathode, a separator, an anode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution. The cathode includes a cathode current collector and a cathode material layer disposed on a surface of the cathode current collector. The cathode material layer comprises cathode active material, conductive agent, and adhesive uniformly mixed together. The cathode active material comprises cathode active material particles and AlPO4 layers coated on surfaces of the cathode active material particles. The separator includes a porous membrane and a protective layer coated on a surface of the porous membrane. The protective layer prevents the separator from being melted during charging or discharging of the lithium ion battery.