ALS Gene Mutated Sugar Beet Herbicide Tolerance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Sugar beet plants are highly susceptible to ALS inhibitor herbicides, limiting their use for weed control in sugar beet cultivation, and existing mutants do not provide sufficient tolerance to various ALS inhibitor herbicide classes for effective weed management.
Innovation Solution
Developing sugar beet plants with a mutation in the codon 1705-1707 of the ALS gene, encoding an ALS protein with an amino acid different from tryptophan at position 569, specifically leucine, to confer tolerance to ALS inhibitor herbicides, allowing for the use of these herbicides for weed control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional sugar beet plants are used, then existing herbicide options are limited, but ALS inhibitor herbicides cause severe damage to the crop
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the amino acid sequence of the ALS enzyme at position 569 (codons 1705-1707), replacing tryptophan with alternative amino acids to alter the enzyme's herbicide binding properties. This genetic parameter change enables sugar beet plants to tolerate ALS inhibitor herbicides that would otherwise be highly toxic, thereby expanding herbicide option diversity without causing crop damage
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a modified copy of the endogenous ALS gene with specific mutations at codons 1705-1707. This mutated ALS gene copy produces an ALS enzyme variant that retains catalytic function but has altered herbicide sensitivity, allowing the plant to withstand ALS inhibitor applications while maintaining physiological function
2Reliability
If existing ALS mutants are used, then some tolerance is achieved, but sufficient tolerance to various ALS inhibitor herbicide classes is not provided for effective weed management
Solution Approach 1:
The patent systematically changes the amino acid parameter at position 569 of the ALS enzyme by replacing tryptophan with multiple alternative amino acids (alanine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, valine, arginine). This parameter variation approach screens for mutations that provide broad-spectrum tolerance across different ALS inhibitor herbicide classes, ensuring both reliability of tolerance and productivity in weed control
Solution Approach 2:
The patent develops ALS enzyme variants with universal tolerance properties across multiple herbicide classes (sulfonylureas, sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinones, imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyl(thio)benzoates). The mutated ALS enzyme at position 569 achieves multi-functional tolerance, allowing a single mutant variety to respond effectively to diverse ALS inhibitor herbicides for comprehensive weed management
Data Source
AI summary
Present invention relates to the use of the ALS inhibitor herbicides for controlling unwanted vegetation in ALS inhibitor herbicide tolerant Beta vulgaris plants, more especially, present invention relates to the use of ALS inhibitor herbicides for control of unwanted vegetation in Beta vulgaris, preferably in sugar beet growing areas in which the Beta vulgaris, preferably sugar beet comprise a mutation in codon 1705-1707 of an endogenous ALS gene encoding an ALS protein containing an amino acid that is different from tryptophan at position 569, preferably the tryptophan is substituted by leucine.