Alternator Control Modes for Battery Charging Adaptability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing alternator control systems in automotive vehicles lack flexibility and efficiency in managing battery charging modes, particularly in varying operating conditions, leading to suboptimal battery charge management and potential battery degradation.
Innovation Solution
An electronic control unit (ECU) selects from multiple control modes (trickle charge, regeneration, low SOC, passive boost, and default) based on vehicle operating parameters, adjusting the set point voltage range and feedback parameters to optimize battery charging, including using battery temperature as a feedback for specific modes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a single control mode is used for alternator operation, then the control system is simple, but the battery charge management is suboptimal under varying operating conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements multiple dynamic control modes (trickle charge, regeneration, low SOC, passive boost, and default modes) that allow the alternator control system to adapt to varying operating conditions. The ECU dynamically selects among these modes based on real-time vehicle operating parameters, enabling flexible battery charge management while maintaining a relatively simple overall control architecture through mode-based segmentation.
2Productivity
If fixed set point voltage is used for alternator output, then the voltage regulation is simple, but the battery charging efficiency decreases under varying temperature and operating conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs variable set point voltage ranges that are adjusted based on operating conditions such as battery temperature and charge state. Instead of using a fixed voltage set point, the system modifies the voltage parameters dynamically across different control modes (e.g., wider voltage ranges in regeneration mode, tighter control in trickle charge mode), thereby optimizing battery charging efficiency while managing complexity through condition-based parameter adjustment.
3Duration of action of moving object
If aggressive charging is applied to quickly recharge battery, then the battery charge time is reduced, but the battery degradation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic charge rate management through multiple control modes that adjust charging aggressiveness based on real-time conditions. The system can operate in aggressive regeneration modes when conditions permit (reducing charge time) and switch to gentler trickle charge modes when battery health concerns arise (protecting battery lifespan). This dynamic adaptation allows the system to balance charge speed and battery protection based on operating context.
4Power
If alternator output is continuously maximized, then the electrical power generation is high, but the engine accessory load increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by adjusting alternator output to match actual battery charging needs rather than continuously maximizing power generation. Through modes like trickle charge and passive boost, the system provides only the necessary charging current required, avoiding excessive alternator output that would increase engine accessory load. This selective power delivery optimizes the balance between electrical generation and engine load.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances battery charge management by maintaining optimal charge current and capacity across different vehicle states, reducing engine accessory load and preventing battery overcharging, while ensuring efficient energy regeneration and protection during low SOC conditions.
Implementation Method 1
Alternators and generators are used to generate electrical power. They are typically used in automotive applications, such as to generate electrical power in automotive vehicles.
Implementation Method 2
In applications having a battery, such as automotive vehicles, the alternator is used to charge the battery when the engine of the vehicle is running
Data Source
AI summary
In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, an electrical system for an automotive vehicle has an electrical generating machine and a battery. A set point voltage, which sets an output voltage of the electrical generating machine, is set by an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU selects one of a plurality of control modes for controlling the alternator based on an operating state of the vehicle as determined from vehicle operating parameters. The ECU selects a range for the set point voltage based on the selected control mode and then sets the set point voltage within the range based on feedback parameters for that control mode. In an aspect, the control modes include a trickle charge mode and battery charge current is the feedback parameter and the ECU controls the set point voltage within the range to maintain a predetermined battery charge current.