Multi-layered Aluminium Brazing Sheet for Complex Heat Exchangers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional brazing sheet materials lack sufficient formability to produce complex shapes and do not provide adequate post-braze corrosion resistance, especially in environments with cyclic temperature and pressure variations, such as those encountered in automotive applications.

Innovation Solution

A four-layered brazing sheet material comprising an aluminium core alloy layer, a brazing clad layer, an inter-layer, and a waterside layer, specifically formulated with particular alloy compositions to enhance formability and corrosion resistance, allowing for both vacuum and controlled-atmosphere brazing processes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Shape

If conventional brazing sheet materials are used, then the basic brazing function is achieved, but the formability to produce complex shapes is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomplex shape formabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The brazing sheet is divided into multiple functional layers: a core alloy layer (3xxx-series) providing formability, an inter-layer (1xxx-series aluminium) providing corrosion resistance, and a brazing clad layer (4xxx-series with silicon) providing brazing capability. This segmentation allows each layer to optimize its specific function without compromising the others, enabling complex shape formation while maintaining manufacturing feasibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses a composite multi-layer structure combining different aluminium alloys with distinct properties. The 3xxx-series core provides ductility for complex shaping, the 1xxx-series inter-layer provides corrosion resistance, and the 4xxx-series clad provides low melting point for brazing. This composite approach resolves the contradiction by integrating multiple material functions into a single manufacturable product.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If conventional brazing sheet materials are used, then the brazing process is completed, but the post-braze corrosion resistance is inadequate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecorrosion resistanceVSAvoidmulti-layer structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Different layers are assigned specific quality functions: the inter-layer (1xxx-series aluminium) is positioned at the water-side contact surface to provide corrosion resistance, while the brazing clad layer (4xxx-series) is positioned at the brazing interface to provide low melting point brazing. This local quality assignment ensures each region of the material performs its specific function optimally, achieving high corrosion resistance while managing structural complexity through functional specialization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Strength

If the core alloy contains higher copper content to improve strength, then the strength increases, but the formability decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetensile strengthVSAvoidformability
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The material is segmented into a core layer optimized for strength (with controlled copper content of 0.6-1.25%) and clad layers that provide formability and brazing properties. The core alloy layer contains 0.6% to 1.25% Cu for strength, while the brazing clad layers contain silicon for low melting point and good formability, resolving the strength-formability contradiction through functional segmentation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The multi-layered brazing sheet material achieves high corrosion resistance and thermal stability, enabling extended service life in heat exchanger units and supporting complex substrate production, suitable for various automotive cooling systems.

Implementation Method 1

a brazing filler metal or brazing alloy, or a composition producing a brazing alloy upon heating, is applied to at least one portion of the substrate to be brazed. After the substrate parts are assembled, they are heated until the brazing metal or brazing alloy melts. The melting point of the brazing material is lower than the melting point of the aluminium substrate or aluminium core sheet.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentEP3197632B1Multi-layered aluminium brazing sheet material
Publication Date: 2019.08.14 NOVELIS KOBLENZ GMBH

AI summary

The invention relates to a multi-layered brazing sheet material consisting of an aluminium core alloy layer provided with a brazing clad layer material on one face of said aluminium core layer and an inter-layer positioned between the aluminium core alloy layer and the brazing clad layer material, and a water-side layer on the other face of the aluminium core layer, wherein the core layer is made from an aluminium alloy having, in wt.%, up to 0.6% Si, up to 0.45% Fe, 0.6% to 1.25% Cu, 0.6% to 1.4% Mn, 0.08% to 0.4% Mg, up to 0.2% Cr, up to 0.25% Zr, up to 0.2% Ti, up to 0.3% Zn, balance aluminium and impurities, wherein the brazing layer is made from an aluminium alloy having 6% to 14% Si and up to 2% Mg, balance aluminium and impurities, and wherein the inter-layer is made from an aluminium alloy of the 1 xxx-series alloys, and wherein the water-side layer is made from a 3xxx-series aluminium alloy having 0.5% to 1.8% Mn and 1 % to 3.5% Zn.