Aluminium Electrode Connection Using Conductive Particles

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing methods for fixing electrodes in aluminum electrolysis cells, particularly the use of melted cast-iron, are costly, time-consuming, and inefficient, requiring preheating and resulting in the frequent replacement of anodes and cathode blocks due to carbon consumption, with associated challenges in disposal and recycling.

Innovation Solution

The use of electric conductive particles, such as steel balls or other metals, without a hardening matrix, to fill the spaces between the electrodes and the fixing components, providing improved electrical resistance and mechanical strength, allowing for easier re-use and reduced operational costs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If melted cast-iron is used to fix electrodes to studs or collector bars, then mechanical strength of the connection is improved, but device complexity and operational cost increase due to required ovens, distribution systems, and preheating procedures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strength of connectionVSAvoidcomplexity of fixation system
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the hardening matrix component from the contact paste formulation, using only electric conductive particles without any binder or hardener. This eliminates the need for complex heating and hardening infrastructure while maintaining electrical conductivity and mechanical functionality through the particles alone

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention employs simple electric conductive particles that can be easily applied and do not require expensive infrastructure. The particles serve their function without needing complex support systems, effectively replacing the need for costly ovens, distribution systems, and preheating equipment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Strength

If melted cast-iron is used to fix electrodes, then mechanical strength is improved, but loss of time increases due to preheating requirements and complex assembly procedures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strength of connectionVSAvoidtime for assembly and preheating
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The electric conductive particles are pre-prepared in their final form without requiring any subsequent hardening or heating actions. They can be directly applied to the connection interface and immediately serve their function, eliminating time-consuming preheating and hardening steps

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

By removing the hardening matrix and binder components from the contact paste, the invention eliminates the time required for heating and hardening processes. The particles work immediately upon application, significantly reducing assembly time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Strength

If contact paste with hardening matrix is used to join electrode components, then mechanical strength is improved, but ease of manufacture deteriorates due to inability to reuse the material

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strength of jointVSAvoidreusability of joining material
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the hardening matrix and binder from the contact paste formulation, leaving only electric conductive particles. This extraction makes the material reusable since the particles can be recovered and reapplied without degradation, eliminating the disposal problem associated with cured contact paste

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The electric conductive particles can be easily recovered from used connections and reused for subsequent fixations. This recovering capability transforms the joining material from a single-use consumable into a reusable resource, improving ease of manufacture and reducing waste

Inventive Principle:
Principle #34Discarding and recovering

4Ease of manufacture

If electric conductive particles without hardening matrix are used, then ease of manufacture and reusability are improved, but mechanical strength may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereusability of materialVSAvoidmechanical strength of connection
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the physical and chemical parameters of the contact material by using only electric conductive particles without binders or hardeners. This parameter change enables reusability while the high conductivity and particle-to-surface contact compensate for the lack of matrix binding

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The electric conductive particles provide uniform distribution and consistent electrical properties across the connection interface. The homogeneity of particle composition ensures reliable performance without requiring complex multi-component formulations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enhances the electrical resistance and mechanical strength of the electrode connections, reducing the frequency of replacements and simplifying the recycling process, while minimizing the environmental impact and operational expenses.

Implementation Method 1

The space between the stud and the bore is filled with electric conductive particles, such as steel balls or other metals, without a hardening matrix

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP2242976B1An electrode for use in an electrolysis process for production of aluminium
Publication Date: 2014.08.27 NORSK HYDRO ASA
  • EP2242976B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2242976B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2242976B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An electrode for use in an electrolysis process for production of aluminium, the electrode (3, 20) comprises a body of calcinated carbonaceous material connected with an electrical current lead (1, 21). The current lead is embedded in a recess in said carbonaceous body. The recess is wider than the lead and being filled with an electric conductive material. The electric conductive material comprises conductive particles (4, 4'). The method relates to the production of such an electrode and recovery of the conductive material after the electrode has been worn out.