Aluminum Composite Brazing with Pickled Solder Layer

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing thermal joining methods for aluminum composite materials, such as Controlled Atmosphere Brazing (CAB) and vacuum soldering, often require fluxes, which lead to increased costs, technical issues with flux residues, and environmental concerns, especially in applications like heat exchangers.

Innovation Solution

An aluminum composite material with an etched surface, achieved through alkaline pickling, is used for flux-free soldering, where the surface is degreased and pickled to expose silicon particles, enhancing wetting properties and allowing for effective soldering without the need for fluxes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If flux is used in CAB soldering process, then soldering performance is improved, but system costs increase and flux residues cause technical problems and environmental pollution

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesoldering performanceVSAvoidflux residues
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and removes the flux component from the soldering process by using a specially designed aluminum solder layer composition (Al-Si-Mg alloy with specific ranges: Si 5-20 wt%, Mg 0.01-3 wt%) that enables flux-free soldering. The aluminum solder layer is designed to react with aluminum oxide without requiring external flux, thereby eliminating flux residues and their associated harmful effects while maintaining soldering performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of the aluminum solder layer by incorporating specific amounts of silicon and magnesium elements. This parameter modification allows the solder layer to achieve self-fluxing capability through controlled reactions with aluminum oxide, eliminating the need for external flux and preventing harmful residue formation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If two-layer aluminum solder structure is used, then flux-free soldering is achieved, but production costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflux-free soldering capabilityVSAvoidproduction cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies local quality by creating a functionally differentiated aluminum solder layer with a total thickness of 5-20 micrometers, where the composition is optimized locally to provide both oxide removal and wetting functions. The Al-Si-Mg alloy composition is specifically designed to achieve flux-free soldering with a single layer, eliminating the need for complex multi-layer structures and reducing production costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Reliability

If alkaline pickling is applied to aluminum solder layer, then surface etching and silicon exposure improve wetting properties, but process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewetting propertiesVSAvoidsurface treatment process
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies preliminary action by incorporating magnesium and silicon elements into the aluminum solder layer composition before soldering. These elements pre-positioned in the alloy react with aluminum oxide during heating to create a etched surface with exposed silicon particles that enhance wetting properties. This preliminary compositional design eliminates the need for separate alkaline pickling process steps, reducing process complexity while maintaining improved wetting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method provides reliable, cost-effective flux-free soldering with improved corrosion resistance and reduced environmental impact, as it eliminates flux residues and interaction issues with coolant additives, while maintaining excellent soldering performance.

Implementation Method 1

the aluminum solder layer consists of an Al-Si aluminum alloy which, in addition to 5% by weight to 20% by weight of silicon, also contains 0.01% by weight to 3% by weight of magnesium

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation-reduction reaction: Redox Reactions

Implementation Method 2

after alkaline pickling of the surface of the aluminum solder layer, the properties of the aluminum composite material can change drastically

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical dissolution: Solvation

Data Source

PatentEP2844466B2Flux free brazing of aluminium
Publication Date: 2021.10.20 SPEIRA GMBH
  • EP2844466B2 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2844466B2 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2844466B2 patent drawingFigure 4a

AI summary

The invention relates to the use of an aluminium composite material consisting of at least one aluminium core alloy and at least one external solder layer consisting of an aluminium solder alloy, provided on one or both sides of the aluminium core alloy. Starting from this prior art, the present invention addresses the problem of proposing a thermal joining method for an aluminium composite material such that the use of fluxes can be omitted. The problem is solved in that the aluminium solder layer of the aluminium composite material has a pickled surface and the aluminium composite material is used in a flux-free thermal joining method and the joining method is performed in the presence of a protective gas.