Aluminum Salt Composition Synthesis via Organic Buffer
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antiperspirant salts, such as aluminum chlorohydrex and aluminum zirconium glycine salts, face challenges in maintaining high efficacy due to the presence of hygroscopic alkaline earth metal salts, which complicate drying processes and reduce the concentration of smaller, more effective species.
Innovation Solution
A method involving heating an aluminum chloride solution with a specific molar ratio to reflux temperature, adjusting pH with an alkaline earth metal source and a basic organic buffer, such as arginine, to enhance the intensity of SEC Peak 4 while reducing the amount of alkaline earth metal by-product, thereby minimizing hygroscopicity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If aluminum chlorohydrex or aluminum zirconium glycine salts are used to achieve high antiperspirant efficacy, then smaller aluminum species (SEC Peak 4) are produced, but hygroscopic alkaline earth metal salts are generated as by-products making drying difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the problematic alkaline earth metal salt by-products from the reaction system through filtration and washing steps, separating them from the desired aluminum salt composition. This allows the retention of beneficial smaller aluminum species while eliminating the hygroscopic contaminants that complicate drying.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies reaction parameters including pH control (maintaining pH 2-5), temperature control (heating to reflux), and molar ratios of reactants to optimize the formation of smaller aluminum species while minimizing alkaline earth metal salt by-product generation. These parameter changes shift the reaction equilibrium toward desired products.
2Stability of the object's composition
If alkaline earth metal salts are present in the composition, then pH adjustment is achieved, but hygroscopicity increases and drying becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces organic acid buffers (such as citric acid, lactic acid, or acetic acid) as intermediary substances that provide pH control without generating hygroscopic alkaline earth metal salts. These buffer intermediaries replace the problematic alkaline earth metal salts while maintaining the necessary pH stability for product performance.
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional methods are used to make aluminum salt compositions, then production is simplified, but the amount of alkaline earth metal salt by-product is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of alkaline earth metal salt by-products into a benefit by using them as a basis for optimization. By identifying their negative impact on drying and hygroscopicity, the patent develops improved synthesis routes that minimize their formation, thereby turning a problematic by-product into an opportunity for process enhancement and reduced material waste.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method achieves a higher SEC Peak 4 to Peak 3 intensity ratio, resulting in antiperspirant compositions with enhanced efficacy and reduced hygroscopicity, facilitating easier drying and increased production of smaller, effective aluminum and zirconium species.
Implementation Method 1
heating an aqueous solution of an aluminum chloride compound having an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1 to a temperature of at least 50°C to reflux temperature
Implementation Method 2
providing an aqueous solution containing a source of an alkaline earth metal to obtain a pH adjusted aluminum salt solution having a pH of 2 to 5
Data Source
AI summary
A method of making aluminum salt compositions using a combination of a basic organic buffer with a source of alkaline earth metal ions. This selection of basic organic buffer provides for a lower alkaline earth metal salt content in the composition made by the method.