Amalgam Lamp Heating Element for Temperature Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps face efficiency decreases when the temperature of the amalgam falls outside its optimal range due to dimming or environmental temperature changes, particularly when positioned vertically, affecting UV radiation output and requiring multiple lamps for consistent operation.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a heating element and a programmable control circuit that uses a temperature sensor to maintain the amalgam at its optimal temperature range, allowing independent control of the electrical discharge and heating currents, ensuring efficient operation across varying conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If the lamp is dimmed to reduce UV radiation output, then the energy consumption is reduced, but the temperature of the amalgam decreases below its optimal temperature range causing efficiency to decrease

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidlamp efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The electrical current supplied to the lamp is segmented into two independent components: a discharge current for generating UV radiation and a heating current for maintaining amalgam temperature. This allows separate control of radiation output and temperature, enabling dimming operations without compromising amalgam temperature and lamp efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the electrical parameters by introducing an independent heating current component that maintains the amalgam temperature within its optimal range even when the discharge current is reduced for dimming. This parameter separation allows the lamp to operate at lower energy consumption while maintaining efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If the lamp operates in a vertical position, then the installation flexibility is improved, but the amalgam may melt and move out of position due to temperature increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinstallation flexibilityVSAvoidamalgam position stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

A temperature sensor provides continuous feedback on the amalgam temperature to a control circuit. When the temperature approaches the melting point in vertical operation, the control circuit automatically reduces or switches off the heating current, preventing the amalgam from melting and maintaining its position stability while allowing vertical installation flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The control circuit proactively monitors temperature and preemptively reduces heating current before the amalgam reaches its melting point during vertical operation. This preliminary anti-action prevents the harmful effect of amalgam melting and position loss, enabling reliable vertical installation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

3Adaptability or versatility

If environmental temperature decreases, then the lamp can be used in broader environmental conditions, but the amalgam temperature falls below its optimal range reducing lamp efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental condition rangeVSAvoidradiation output efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The heating element and control system provide preliminary thermal compensation to the amalgam before environmental temperature changes can cause the amalgam temperature to drop below its optimal range. This ensures the amalgam remains at optimal temperature even in cold environmental conditions, maintaining lamp efficiency while expanding usable environmental conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The heating element acts as an intermediary between the electrical power supply and the amalgam, providing controlled thermal energy to maintain amalgam temperature within the optimal range regardless of environmental temperature variations. This intermediary heating system decouples amalgam temperature from environmental temperature, enabling operation in broader environmental conditions while maintaining productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution maintains high efficiency over a broad range of operating conditions, reducing the number of lamps needed and lowering installation and maintenance costs by keeping the amalgam within its optimal temperature range, preventing melting, and ensuring consistent UV output.

Implementation Method 1

a heating element arranged at the first end section for heating the amalgam to a temperature within its optimal temperature range

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature level at a position near the amalgam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature sensing: Thermistor

Implementation Method 3

a first electrode arranged at the first end section and a second electrode arranged at the second end section for maintaining a discharge along a discharge path between the first electrode and the second electrode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas discharge: Electric Arc

Implementation Method 4

mercury constitutes the primary component for the generation of ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMercury vapor radiation: Light

Data Source

PatentEP2447981B2Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with amalgam, lamp system, water treatment system, use of a lamp system
Publication Date: 2020.08.05 SIGNIFY HOLDING BV
  • EP2447981B2 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2447981B2 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2447981B2 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a lamp system, comprising a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp having a discharge vessel (6) enclosing a discharge space (8), with two electrodes (10, 30) positioned in the discharge vessel and an amalgam (18) arranged at a first end section (28) out of the discharge path between the first electrode and the second electrode. A ballast generates an electrical discharge current independently from an electrical heating current. A heating element (22) is positioned in the first end section for heating the amalgam using the electrical heating current. The temperature of the amalgam can be kept within its optimal temperature range for a relatively broad range of operating conditions.