Amine-Water CO2 Absorbent With Solid Precipitation for Low-Energy Release
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for capturing carbon dioxide from the air are inefficient, require hazardous substances, and consume significant energy for carbon dioxide release, making them impractical for civilian use.
Innovation Solution
A carbon dioxide absorbent composed of m-xylylene diamine and water, or other amines like benzylamine and phenethylamine, with an amine content of 1 to 50 wt%, efficiently absorbs and fixes carbon dioxide at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, allowing for easy solid-liquid separation and release under mild conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is used as carbon dioxide absorbent, then carbon dioxide can be absorbed from the air, but the absorbent is hazardous and requires four steps from absorption to generation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by replacing hazardous sodium hydroxide with non-hazardous amines (m-xylylene diamine, benzylamine, phenethylamine, or their mixtures). This parameter change maintains carbon dioxide absorption capability while eliminating the hazardous nature of the absorbent, directly resolving the technical contradiction between absorption capacity and safety.
2Productivity
If aqueous solution is maintained after carbon dioxide absorption, then absorption capacity is achieved, but extra energy is required for heating water to generate carbon dioxide
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes phase transition by allowing the carbamic acid derivative to precipitate from the aqueous solution as a solid after carbon dioxide absorption. This phase change from dissolved state to solid precipitate enables simple solid-liquid separation, eliminating the need for high-temperature water heating and significantly reducing energy consumption while maintaining high absorption capacity.
3Use of energy by moving object
If specific substituted alkylamine alone is used as carbon dioxide absorbent, then energy for heating water is not required, but carbon dioxide absorption performance needs to be enhanced for efficient recovery from air
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite absorbent system by combining multiple amine components (m-xylylene diamine, benzylamine, phenethylamine) in specific ratios. This composite approach synergistically enhances carbon dioxide absorption performance from air while maintaining the low energy consumption characteristic, resolving the contradiction between energy efficiency and absorption performance.
4Productivity
If high concentration of amine is used in absorbent, then carbon dioxide absorption capacity increases, but the cost and complexity of the system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the amine concentration parameter within a specific range (1-50 wt%, preferably 3-30 wt%, more preferably 3-15 wt%). This parameter optimization achieves high carbon dioxide absorption capacity while avoiding the increased complexity and cost associated with higher concentrations, effectively resolving the technical contradiction between productivity and system complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The absorbent achieves high carbon dioxide absorption capacity, enabling efficient fixation and release of atmospheric carbon dioxide with minimal energy use, facilitating its utilization as a carbon source.
Implementation Method 1
a carbon dioxide absorbent consisting of an amine selected from the group consisting of m-xylylene diamine, benzylamine, phenethylamine, p-methoxybenzylamine, and p-trifluoromethylbenzylamine, and water
Implementation Method 2
reacting the absorbed carbon dioxide with the amine to form a carbamic acid derivative
Implementation Method 3
the carbamic acid derivative formed by absorbing and fixing carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide absorbent is unexpectedly precipitated as a non-hydrate solid
Implementation Method 4
recovering the generated [3-(aminomethyl)benzyl]carbamic acid by solid-liquid separation
Implementation Method 5
subjecting same to an acid treatment or a heat treatment
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention aims to provide a carbon dioxide absorbent that can efficiently absorb, fix, and simply separate and recover carbon dioxide in the air. The present invention relates to an atmospheric carbon dioxide absorbent consisting of an amine selected from the group consisting of m-xylylene diamine, benzylamine, phenethylamine, p-methoxybenzylamine, and p-trifluoromethylbenzylamine, and water, and having the amine content of 1 to 50 wt % with respect to the total amount. The present invention also relates to a method for generating carbon dioxide which uses the aforementioned carbon dioxide absorbent and is simple and superior in energy efficiency.