Amine Wash Loop in CO2 Capture for Low-Emission Exhaust
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Solution Overview
Problem
Carbon dioxide capture systems discharge significant amounts of amine compounds along with combustion exhaust gases, posing environmental concerns and the need for effective amine capture methods.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a carbon dioxide capture system with washers and regenerators that utilize cleaning liquids to capture amine compounds, including a first washer with a high-pressure spray and a second washer with a lower-pressure spray, along with regeneration washers to minimize amine discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a carbon dioxide capture system uses an amine-based absorbing liquid to separate carbon dioxide from combustion exhaust gas, then carbon dioxide capture efficiency is improved, but amine compounds are discharged along with the exhaust gas and regeneration exhaust gas, causing environmental harm
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a washing liquid circulation system as an intermediary mechanism between the carbon dioxide capture system and the environment. The washing liquid (water or dilute acid solution) acts as a mediator to capture and remove amine compounds from both the exhaust gas and regeneration exhaust gas streams, preventing direct discharge into the environment while maintaining the carbon dioxide capture function
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the harmful amine compounds from the gas streams by introducing separate washing sections. The first washing liquid circulation system extracts amines from the exhaust gas, and the second washing liquid circulation system extracts amines from the regeneration exhaust gas, separating the harmful component from the main process streams
2Object-generated harmful factors
If multiple washing sections are added to capture amine compounds, then amine discharge is reduced, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the washing function with the existing carbon dioxide capture system structure. The washing sections are integrated into the gas flow path, and the washing liquid circulation systems are combined with the existing absorbing liquid circulation infrastructure, reducing overall system complexity despite adding multiple washing functions
Solution Approach 2:
The washing liquid circulation systems serve multiple functions: they capture amine compounds from different gas streams, can be adjusted for different operating conditions, and the washing liquid can be reused or treated. The system provides universal amine removal capability across different process stages
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively reduces amine discharge by enhancing the capture of mist-like and gaseous amine compounds, improving the efficiency and environmental impact of carbon dioxide capture systems.
Implementation Method 1
a first cleaning liquid to capture the amine accompanying the combustion exhaust gas
Implementation Method 2
a second cleaning liquid to capture the amine accompanying the combustion exhaust gas
Implementation Method 3
the regeneration column heats the supplied rich liquid to release the carbon dioxide from the rich liquid and regenerates the absorbing liquid
Data Source
AI summary
A carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment includes: a carbon dioxide capturer, an absorbing liquid regenerator, a first washer, a second washer, and an absorbing liquid line. The first washer washes the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the carbon dioxide capturer with a mist of a first cleaning liquid sprayed by a first spray to capture the amine accompanying the combustion exhaust gas. The absorbing liquid line supplies the absorbing liquid regenerated in the absorbing liquid regenerator as the first cleaning liquid to the first spray. The first cleaning liquid sprayed by the first spray is supplied as the absorbing liquid to the carbon dioxide capturer.