Amino-Substituted Polysiloxanes Ionic Crosslinking Viscosity Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polysiloxanes face challenges in being transformed into fibers and immobilized films due to their high malleability and low viscosity, which limits their structural modifications, and the formation of polysiloxane ammonium salts increases hydrophilicity, affecting aggregation, solubility, rheology, and swelling properties.
Innovation Solution
The formation of ammoniumpolysiloxane networks through salt formation reactions with carboxylic acids or electrostatic interactions, utilizing polysiloxanes with amino groups and acids like carboxylic acids to create ionic crosslinking, resulting in materials with altered rheological, adhesive, and swelling properties suitable for applications such as chemical spill cleanup, drug delivery, and optoelectronic uses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Shape
If polysiloxanes are used in their native form, then they exhibit high malleability and low viscosity, but they cannot be made into fibers and immobilized films without significant structural modifications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical structure of polysiloxanes through addition of triatomic molecules (CO2, CS2) and other additives, which transforms the material from free-flowing liquids to gels and rubbery materials capable of forming fibers and films
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite materials by combining polysiloxanes with triatomic molecules and other additives to form new materials with enhanced structural properties, enabling fiber and film formation while maintaining the base polysiloxane's beneficial characteristics
2Strength
If polysiloxane ammonium salts are formed through salt formation reactions, then ionic crosslinking is achieved, but hydrophilicity increases affecting aggregation, solubility, rheology, and swelling properties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by selectively modifying specific regions of the polysiloxane structure through controlled salt formation, creating localized ionic crosslinking zones that provide strength while maintaining overall compositional stability and controlled hydrophilicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses partial action by controlling the degree of salt formation and ionic crosslinking to achieve optimal balance between strength enhancement and hydrophilicity management, preventing excessive crosslinking that would compromise compositional stability
3Adaptability or versatility
If amino-substituted polysiloxanes are modified with triatomic molecules, then ionic centers are created within the polymer matrix, but viscosity and adhesive properties change significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent systematically changes material parameters by varying the type and amount of triatomic molecules added, the percent of monomers with amino functionality, and the post-addition treatment, which allows precise tuning of viscosity and adhesive properties to achieve desired material characteristics
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables the creation of polysiloxane materials with drastically different properties, enhancing their utility in various applications by modifying their viscosity, adhesion, and swelling characteristics, while maintaining the stability and flexibility of silicon-containing polymers.
Implementation Method 1
addition of an uncharged triatomic molecule, such as CO2 or CS2, can create ionic centers within the polymer matrixes
Implementation Method 2
The effects of other simple additives which are capable of creating ion pairs within the polysiloxanes
Implementation Method 3
it is widely known that amines form ammonium salts when combined with an acid
Implementation Method 4
The formation of ammoniumpolysiloxane networks through salt formation reactions with carboxylic acids or electrostatic interactions
Implementation Method 5
utilizing polysiloxanes with amino groups and acids like carboxylic acids to create ionic crosslinking
Implementation Method 6
the materials can be transformed from the free-flowing, slippery liquids to strong (reversible) adhesives and very viscous syrups
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a composition comprising (i) a polysiloxane comprising a plurality of pendant amines and (ii) an acid. Also provided is a composition comprising (i) a polysiloxane comprising a plurality of pendant acids and (ii) an amine. The compositions are useful inter alia for chemical or oil spill cleanup, drug delivery systems, transparent films, adhesives, binding agents, conductors, membranes, cross-linking agents, or opticoelectronic applications. Also provided are methods for making the compositions of the invention, as well as a battery and a composition for controlled release of a compound, each comprising a composition of the invention.