Amino-siloxane CO2 Capture Absorbent
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current CO2 capture processes, such as amine-based processes, face limitations including high energy consumption, reduced CO2 absorption capacity due to increased viscosity, and high heat of reaction, which hinder efficient carbon dioxide removal from power generation processes.
Innovation Solution
Development of amino-siloxane compositions with specific structural features that allow for low viscosity, low heat of reaction, and high CO2 absorption capacity, enabling efficient CO2 capture without the need for additional solvents, and maintaining a liquid state during the capture process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If amine-based processes are used for CO2 capture, then CO2 absorption capacity is improved, but viscosity increases sharply which decreases mass transfer
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by replacing traditional amine-based absorbents with amino-siloxane compounds having specific molecular structures (formula I). This structural modification fundamentally alters the physical properties, achieving high CO2 capacity while maintaining low viscosity through the siloxane backbone and specific R-group configurations.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite molecular structure combining amino functional groups with siloxane frameworks. This composite approach integrates the CO2-reactive amino groups with the low-viscosity siloxane backbone, achieving both high absorption capacity and low viscosity simultaneously.
2Stability of the object's composition
If concentration of amines is maintained at low levels using carrier solvents, then viscosity is reduced, but absorbing capacity is greatly reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent fundamentally changes the absorbent composition from dilute amine solutions to concentrated amino-siloxane compounds. The molecular structure of amino-siloxane (formula I) inherently provides low viscosity while maintaining high CO2 reactivity, eliminating the need for carrier solvents and achieving both low viscosity and high capacity simultaneously.
3Quantity of substance
If amine-based processes are used, then CO2 capture is achieved, but energy consumption is high due to heating and evaporation of carrier solvent
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the carrier solvent component from the absorbent system. By using amino-siloxane compounds that are effective at high concentrations without solvents, the patent removes the need for energy-intensive heating and evaporation steps associated with solvent recovery in traditional amine processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical state and composition parameters by transitioning from aqueous amine solutions to organic amino-siloxane compounds. This fundamental parameter change eliminates the large heat capacity and evaporation energy requirements of water-based systems, significantly reducing overall energy consumption for CO2 capture and release.
4Quantity of substance
If traditional absorbents are used, then CO2 absorption is achieved, but heat of reaction is high requiring more energy for CO2 release
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical bonding parameters by using amino-siloxane structures where the Si-O backbone and specific R-group configurations modify the reaction thermodynamics. This structural parameter change results in lower heat of reaction for CO2 absorption, reducing the energy required for subsequent CO2 release and absorbent regeneration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The amino-siloxane compositions effectively reduce CO2 levels in process streams with lower energy requirements, improved mass transfer, and reduced equipment size, offering a more efficient and cost-effective solution compared to existing methods.
Implementation Method 1
contacting the process stream with a carbon dioxide absorbent composition including an amino-siloxane
Implementation Method 2
an amino-siloxane having structure (I)... wherein X is an electron donating group
Data Source
AI summary
An amino-siloxane composition is presented. The amino-siloxane composition includes structure (I):wherein R1 is independently at each occurrence a C1-C5 aliphatic radical; R2 is a C3-C4 aliphatic radical; R3 is a C1-C5 aliphatic radical or R4, wherein R4 comprises structure (II):andX is an electron donating group. Methods of reducing an amount of carbon dioxide in a process stream using the amino-siloxane composition are also presented.