Ammonia Decomposition Facility with Residual Ammonia Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
The decomposition of ammonia in gas turbine plants often results in residual ammonia in the decomposition gas, which, when combusted, reacts with combustion air to produce NOx emissions, violating environmental regulations.
Innovation Solution
An ammonia decomposition facility that includes a heating medium line, ammonia supply line, ammonia decomposition device, ammonia removal device, and processed gas supply line, utilizing heat from a gas turbine to thermally decompose ammonia and remove residual ammonia, thereby reducing NOx emissions and energy costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If ammonia is thermally decomposed in a gas turbine plant, then hydrogen and nitrogen are generated as fuel, but residual ammonia remains in the decomposition gas which reacts with combustion air to produce NOx emissions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes residual ammonia from the decomposition gas using an ammonia removal device positioned between the ammonia decomposition device and the combustor. This extraction process separates the harmful residual ammonia component from the useful decomposition gas (hydrogen and nitrogen), allowing the former to be eliminated before combustion to prevent NOx formation while preserving the fuel components.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If an ammonia removal device is added to reduce residual ammonia, then NOx emissions are reduced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary ammonia removal device that acts as a mediator between the ammonia decomposition process and the combustion process. This intermediary component selectively removes residual ammonia without interfering with the hydrogen and nitrogen fuel components, providing a targeted solution that adds minimal complexity while effectively addressing the NOx emission problem.
3Loss of energy
If heat from gas turbine exhaust is used for ammonia decomposition, then energy costs are reduced, but the temperature control precision becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements temperature control mechanisms that monitor and adjust the heating process using exhaust heat from the gas turbine. By incorporating feedback control systems, the patent maintains precise temperature conditions for ammonia decomposition despite the variable nature of exhaust heat, ensuring optimal decomposition efficiency while effectively utilizing waste energy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The facility effectively reduces residual ammonia concentration in the gas sent to the gas utilization target, minimizing NOx emissions and lowering operational energy costs by leveraging heat generated by the gas turbine.
Implementation Method 1
use heat of the heating medium from the heating medium line, thermally decompose the ammonia from the ammonia supply line
Implementation Method 2
thermally decompose the ammonia to generate a decomposition gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen
Implementation Method 3
ammonia removal device configured to remove the residual ammonia contained in the decomposition gas
Data Source
AI summary
An ammonia decomposition facility includes a heating medium line configured to flow a heating medium heated by heat generated by a gas turbine, an ammonia supply line configured to flow ammonia, an ammonia decomposition device, and an ammonia removal device. The ammonia decomposition device is configured to use heat of the heating medium from the heating medium line, thermally decompose ammonia from the ammonia supply line, and generate a decomposition gas containing hydrogen, nitrogen, and residual ammonia. The ammonia removal device is configured to remove the residual ammonia contained in the decomposition gas from the ammonia decomposition device.