Ammonia Decomposition System for Stable Gas Turbine Combustion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power generation systems cannot directly utilize ammonia as a fuel due to its difficulty in combustion, which hinders its application in power generation despite its potential as a carbon-free energy carrier.
Innovation Solution
A power generation system that involves the decomposition of ammonia to produce hydrogen, which is then stored and used in a gas-turbine power generation set, with a supplementary combustion device and heat regenerator to stabilize and enhance the decomposition process, allowing for efficient power generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If ammonia is used directly as fuel in power generation system, then carbon-free energy generation is achieved, but combustion stability deteriorates due to slow flame spread and easy extinguishment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces hydrogen as an intermediary substance. Ammonia is decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen, and the hydrogen then serves as the actual fuel for combustion in the gas turbine. This intermediary approach allows the system to achieve carbon-free power generation while maintaining stable combustion, as hydrogen has superior combustion characteristics compared to direct ammonia combustion.
2Productivity
If ammonia decomposition is implemented to produce hydrogen, then power generation efficiency is improved, but system complexity increases due to additional decomposition and storage components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the ammonia decomposition function with the existing gas turbine power generation system. The decomposition unit, hydrogen storage unit, and gas turbine are integrated into a unified system where ammonia serves as the fuel source, eliminating the need for separate hydrogen production and storage infrastructure that would otherwise be required.
3Reliability
If hydrogen storage portion is added to balance supply and demand, then power generation stability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The hydrogen storage portion serves multiple functions simultaneously: it stores hydrogen produced from ammonia decomposition, buffers fluctuations between hydrogen supply and demand, and provides a stable fuel source for the gas turbine. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate control systems and additional components to manage power generation stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system enables the use of ammonia as a fuel source, achieving stable and efficient power generation with low costs and high safety, utilizing waste heat for improved energy efficiency and adaptability.
Implementation Method 1
a gasification portion with an input thereof connected with the liquid ammonia supply portion for gasifying liquid ammonia into gaseous ammonia
Implementation Method 2
an ammonia decomposition portion with an input thereof connected with an output of the gasification portion for decomposing gaseous ammonia into a hydrogen-mixed gas containing hydrogen, nitrogen and gaseous ammonia
Implementation Method 3
a gas-turbine power generation set with a fuel input thereof connected with an output of the hydrogen storage portion for combusting the hydrogen-mixed gas to generate power
Data Source
AI summary
By arranging a liquid ammonia supply portion, a gasification portion, an ammonia decomposition portion, a hydrogen storage portion, and a gas-turbine power generation set connected in sequence, the liquid ammonia outputted by the liquid ammonia supply portion is gasified in the gasification portion to form gaseous ammonia. The gaseous ammonia is delivered to the ammonia decomposition portion and decomposed into a hydrogen-mixed gas containing hydrogen, nitrogen and gaseous ammonia. The hydrogen-mixed gas is stored in the hydrogen storage portion. The hydrogen storage portion stably outputs the hydrogen-mixed gas to the gas-turbine power generation set. The gas-turbine power generation set uses hydrogen as a fuel, and hydrogen is obtained by ammonia decomposition. The power generation system uses liquid ammonia as a fuel supply. The gas-turbine power generation set can simultaneously combust and utilize the ammonia that has not been completely decomposed to generate no “carbon”.