Ammonia–Hydrogen Engine Ignition Control for Stable Combustion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional ammonia mixed combustion engines face challenges in maintaining combustion stability and improving exhaust gas properties as the amount of ammonia increases, leading to issues like premature ignition and increased NH3 and N2O emissions.
Innovation Solution
An engine device that compresses an air-fuel mixture of ammonia and hydrogen in the combustion chamber, then ignites it using an auxiliary fuel injection system to control ignition timing and prevent spontaneous combustion, enhancing combustion stability and reducing exhaust pollutants.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the amount of ammonia supplied to the combustion chamber is increased, then the mixed combustion ratio is improved, but combustion stability deteriorates and exhaust gas properties are worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by injecting a non-ammonia fuel (such as diesel or gasoline) into the combustion chamber before the ammonia-air mixture reaches spontaneous ignition temperature. This preliminary fuel injection creates a controlled ignition source that ensures stable combustion even when high proportions of ammonia are used, preventing combustion instability and unburned ammonia emissions in the exhaust.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the amount of ammonia supplied to the combustion chamber is increased, then the mixed combustion ratio is improved, but exhaust gas properties are worsened with increased NH3 and N2O emissions
Solution Approach 1:
By introducing non-ammonia fuel before the ammonia mixture reaches spontaneous ignition conditions, the system ensures complete combustion of ammonia, reducing unburned NH3 in exhaust. The controlled ignition timing also prevents excessive temperature spikes that would generate N2O, thereby reducing exhaust gas pollution while maintaining high mixed combustion ratios.
Solution Approach 2:
The non-ammonia fuel acts as an intermediary substance that facilitates the combustion of ammonia. It provides a reliable ignition source and maintains combustion stability, allowing high ammonia proportions to be burned efficiently without producing harmful emissions, thus mediating between the desire for high mixed combustion ratio and the need to minimize exhaust pollution.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If the timing of supplying liquid fuel is controlled to be slower than the timing to start supplying ammonia and air, then exhaust gas properties are improved, but combustion stability is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the timing parameter of fuel injection by introducing non-ammonia fuel at a specific moment before spontaneous ignition occurs. This optimized timing parameter ensures that the mixture reaches optimal temperature and pressure conditions for stable combustion while preventing premature ignition and unburned ammonia, thereby simultaneously improving both combustion stability and exhaust gas properties.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The engine device stabilizes combustion and improves exhaust gas quality by controlling ignition timing and fuel injection parameters, reducing premature ignition and emissions of nitrogen oxides.
Implementation Method 1
the air-fuel mixture is compressed in the combustion chamber to raise the temperature and pressure of the air-fuel mixture
Implementation Method 2
an air-fuel mixture of at least ammonia and hydrogen being combusted in a combustion chamber
Data Source
AI summary
An engine device which is an ammonia mixed combustion engine device operated by the air-fuel mixture of at least ammonia and hydrogen being combusted in a combustion chamber, supplies ammonia and hydrogen to the combustion chamber to create the air-fuel mixture, compresses the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber to raise the temperature and pressure of the air-fuel mixture, and in accordance with a state of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, ignites the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber by an ignition device composed of an auxiliary fuel supply device and an auxiliary fuel injection part.