Ammonia Injection for CO2 Absorber Mist Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
In air pollution control systems, the entrainment of CO2 absorption liquid by mist generation materials in the CO2 recovery equipment leads to significant liquid loss and increased running costs, necessitating a method to suppress the scattering of CO2 absorption liquid outside the system.
Innovation Solution
The integration of ammonia injection equipment before the CO2 recovery equipment reduces mist generation materials, such as SO3 mist, which decreases the entrainment of CO2 absorption liquid, thereby minimizing liquid loss and enhancing system efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If flue gas containing mist generation material is introduced to the CO2 absorber, then CO2 absorption can proceed, but CO2 absorption liquid is entrained by mist and scatters to the outside of the system
Solution Approach 1:
The ammonia injection equipment is installed upstream of the CO2 absorber to reduce mist generation material before the flue gas enters the absorber. This preliminary action prevents mist formation that would otherwise cause CO2 absorption liquid entrainment and loss, while still allowing effective CO2 absorption to occur in the absorber.
Solution Approach 2:
Ammonia is introduced as an intermediary substance that reacts with mist generation material (such as SO3) to form ammonium salts, thereby converting harmful mist precursors into non-misting substances. This intermediary action eliminates the root cause of liquid entrainment without interfering with the CO2 absorption process.
2Reliability
If CO2 absorption liquid is replenished to compensate for scattering loss, then the system can maintain operation, but running costs increase due to unnecessary replenishment
Solution Approach 1:
By reducing mist generation material upstream before it can cause liquid entrainment, the system prevents the need for continuous CO2 absorption liquid replenishment. This preliminary prevention maintains system reliability while eliminating the recurring cost of replacing lost absorption liquid.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The ammonia injection equipment effectively reduces mist generation materials in the flue gas, decreasing CO2 absorption liquid entrainment and scattering, thus lowering running costs and improving air pollution control system efficiency by minimizing unnecessary liquid replenishment.
Implementation Method 1
ammonia injection equipment which reduces a mist generation material which is a generation source of mist that is generated in the absorber
Implementation Method 2
CO2 in the flue gas is absorbed by the CO2 absorption liquid in a chemical reaction (exothermic reaction)
Implementation Method 3
the rich solution is pressurized by a pump, is heated in a heat exchanger by a high-temperature CO2 absorption liquid (lean solution) regenerated as CO2 is emitted in the regenerator
Implementation Method 4
a process of heating the CO2 absorption liquid that absorbs CO2 in an absorption liquid regenerator (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "regenerator") to emit CO2 and regenerate the CO2 absorption liquid
Data Source
AI summary
SOx removal equipment 15 which reduces sulfur oxides from flue gas 12 from a boiler 11, a cooler 16 which is provided on the downstream side of the SOx removal equipment 15 so as to reduce the sulfur oxides from the flue gas and decrease a gas temperature, CO2 recovery equipment 17 which includes an absorber for bringing CO2 in the flue gas into contact with a CO2 absorption liquid so as to be reduced and a regenerator for causing the CO2 absorption liquid to emit CO2 so as to recover CO2 and regenerate the CO2 absorption liquid, and ammonia injection equipment 22 for reducing a mist generation material which is a generation source of mist that is generated in the absorber of the CO2 recovery equipment before introducing the flue gas to the CO2 recovery equipment, are included.