Ammonia Storage Material Segmentation for Exhaust Gas Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current systems for treating exhaust gases with low concentrations of ammonia, such as those from livestock houses, are inefficient and costly, particularly when dealing with variable and low ammonia concentrations.
Innovation Solution
The system employs an ammonia storage material, such as zeolite, to accumulate and concentrate ammonia, which is then treated with an ammonia oxidation catalyst in the gas phase, allowing for efficient catalytic destruction of ammonia at low temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If scrubber and biofilter systems are used to treat exhaust gases, then pollutant concentrations are reduced, but investment cost and operational cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes ammonia from the exhaust gas stream using a selective catalytic reduction system, separating the ammonia treatment from the rest of the exhaust gas composition. This allows targeted treatment of the harmful component without requiring comprehensive treatment of all pollutants, reducing system complexity and cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a selective catalytic reduction system with specific catalysts and reagents as intermediaries to facilitate ammonia removal. This intermediary system enables efficient ammonia treatment at lower costs compared to conventional scrubber and biofilter systems, while maintaining effectiveness in reducing pollutant concentrations.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If scrubber and biofilter systems are used to treat exhaust gases, then pollutant concentrations are reduced, but volume of water consumed increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the water-based scrubber system with a selective catalytic reduction system that uses chemical reactions and catalysts instead of liquid absorption. This substitution eliminates the need for large volumes of water while maintaining effective ammonia removal, directly addressing the water consumption issue.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operational parameters from water-based absorption processes to catalytic chemical reactions. By transforming the treatment mechanism from physical absorption to chemical catalysis, the system achieves pollutant removal without requiring high volumes of water, thereby reducing water consumption while maintaining treatment effectiveness.
3Quantity of substance
If ammonia storage material is heated to release stored ammonia, then ammonia concentration for catalytic treatment increases, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic heating cycles of the ammonia storage material, alternating between heating phases to release ammonia and cooling phases to allow re-absorption. This periodic action ensures continuous ammonia supply to the catalytic converter while minimizing total energy consumption by heating only the necessary portion of the storage material at any given time.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the ammonia storage material into multiple zones or beds, allowing selective heating of only the portion that requires regeneration. This segmentation enables efficient ammonia release from a small fraction of the total storage capacity while the rest of the storage material continues to absorb ammonia from the exhaust gas, reducing overall energy consumption.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables effective treatment of low-concentration ammonia exhaust gases at low temperatures, reducing energy consumption and production costs while minimizing by-products and maintaining air quality standards.
Implementation Method 1
an ammonia storage material arranged to receive an exhaust gas from the exhaust gas inlet
Implementation Method 2
a heating device for heating gas before it passes through the selected portion of the ammonia storage material to release ammonia stored therein
Implementation Method 3
an ammonia oxidation catalyst arranged downstream of a selected portion of the ammonia storage material
Implementation Method 4
ammonia oxidation catalyst arranged downstream of a selected portion of the ammonia storage material
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to an exhaust system for the treatment of an exhaust gas comprising ammonia in an amount of up to 250 ppm, the system comprising: an exhaust gas inlet; an ammonia storage material arranged to receive an exhaust gas from the exhaust gas inlet; an ammonia oxidation catalyst arranged downstream of a selected portion of the ammonia storage material; and a heating device for heating gas before it passes through the selected portion of the ammonia storage material to release ammonia stored therein for treatment on the ammonia oxidation catalyst, wherein the system is configured so that the selected portion of the ammonia storage material changes over time. The invention further relates to a livestock house comprising the exhaust system and a method of treating an ammonia-containing gas.