Ammonium Molybdate Process for Heteroatom-Substituted Molybdena Compounds
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing processes for preparing 2,4-heteroatom-substituted molybdena-3,3-dioxocycloalkane compounds require high levels of imidazoline phase transfer agents and involve lengthy batch processing with filtration delays, which can lead to solid precipitation and inefficient water removal.
Innovation Solution
The use of ammonium molybdate as a molybdenum source with excess ammonia or alkyl amine, along with minimal or no imidazoline, facilitates the reaction, allowing for continuous processing and eliminating the need for filtration by stabilizing ammonium molybdate and enhancing conversion efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If high levels of imidazoline phase transfer agents are used, then the reaction can proceed, but the process time increases and filtration is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters by using ammonium molybdate instead of other molybdenum sources, and by controlling the ammonia to molybdenum molar ratio to be greater than or equal to 1:1. This parameter change eliminates the need for high levels of imidazoline phase transfer agents, reducing process time and eliminating filtration requirements while maintaining reaction completion.
2Reliability
If batch processing is used, then the reaction can be controlled, but productivity is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables continuous processing by eliminating the filtration step through the use of ammonium molybdate with excess ammonia. The reaction mixture remains homogeneous without solid precipitation, allowing continuous feeding and product removal. This maintains reaction control while significantly improving productivity compared to batch processing with filtration.
3Manufacturing precision
If filtration is performed, then solid precipitation is removed, but process complexity and time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts or eliminates the filtration step from the process by changing the chemical system to use ammonium molybdate with ammonia in molar ratio ≥1:1. This prevents solid precipitation from occurring in the first place, thereby removing the need for filtration equipment and operations, reducing process complexity while maintaining product purity.
4Productivity
If ammonium molybdate with excess ammonia is used, then filtration is eliminated and process time is reduced, but ammonia consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the ammonia consumption by precisely controlling the ammonia to molybdenum molar ratio to be greater than or equal to 1:1, with preferred ranges of 1-3:1 and most preferably 2-3:1. This parameter optimization ensures sufficient ammonia is present to prevent solid precipitation and eliminate filtration, while avoiding excessive ammonia consumption. The improved process efficiency is achieved at this optimized stoichiometric ratio.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces process time, eliminates filtration steps, and achieves high molybdenum content with low hexane insolubles, enabling efficient and reproducible production of complex molybdate products with improved molecular weight profiles and adaptability to continuous processing.
Implementation Method 1
process for preparation of heterocyclic molybdates by reacting diol-, diamino, thiol-alcohol- and amino-alcohol-compounds with ammonium molybdate
Implementation Method 2
hydrogen peroxide of 1 to 5 percent based on total weight of reagents added can enhance the invention process
Data Source
Figure 1~5
Figure 2
Figure 3~4
AI summary
This invention is a process for preparation of 2,4-heteroatom-substituted molybdena-3,3-dioxocycloalkane compounds by reacting diol-, diamino, thiol-alcohol- and amino-alcohol-compounds with the following reagents: • ammonium molybdate (or in situ produced ammonium molybdate by the reaction of ammonia with molybdenum trioxide or molybdic acid) as a molybdenum source, • ammonia as an additional or secondary reagent or promoter, in molar ratio NH3:Mo (amount of molybdenum in the molybdenum source) of ≥1:1, preferably 1-3:1, more preferably 2-3:1, and most preferred 2.2-2.65:1.