Ammonium Salt Thermal Base Generator for Low-Temperature Resin Cyclization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Thermosetting resins require high-temperature heat treatment for cyclization, which can cause thermal damage to electronic components in semiconductor devices, and existing thermal base generators have stability issues due to equilibrium states of dissociation and non-dissociation, leading to gelation and poor stability.
Innovation Solution
An acidic compound, specifically an ammonium salt with a carboxylic acid anion having a pKa1 of 0-4 and an ammonium cation, is used as a thermal base generator to promote cyclization at low temperatures (40°C or higher) without generating a base at room temperature, ensuring stability and efficient cyclization of thermosetting resins.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If high-temperature heat treatment is used for cyclization of thermosetting resins, then cyclization efficiency is improved, but thermal damage to electronic components occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the base generator by using an ammonium salt with a carboxylic acid anion having a pKa1 of 0 to 4. This parameter change enables base generation at lower temperatures (40°C or higher), thereby reducing the cyclization temperature from conventional high temperatures to a lower range that prevents thermal damage to electronic components while maintaining cyclization efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the conventional thermal decomposition mechanism with a base-generation mechanism. Instead of relying on high-temperature thermal decomposition to initiate cyclization, the invention uses chemical base generation from the ammonium salt, which then catalyzes the cyclization reaction at lower temperatures, substituting the thermal-mechanical approach with a chemical-catalytic approach.
2Productivity
If conventional thermal base generators are used, then cyclization can be achieved, but stability is poor due to equilibrium states of dissociation and non-dissociation leading to gelation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters by selecting an ammonium salt with a carboxylic acid anion having a specific pKa1 range (0 to 4). This parameter optimization ensures that the base generator remains stable in the non-dissociated state at room temperature and storage conditions, preventing premature gelation, while still being capable of generating base at cyclization temperatures to maintain cyclization capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed solution allows for the cyclization of thermosetting resins at lower temperatures, enhancing the stability and heat resistance of the resulting cured films while preventing cyclization during storage, thus protecting semiconductor devices from thermal damage.
Implementation Method 1
a thermal base generator which generates a base by thermal decomposition at a temperature of 40°C or higher
Implementation Method 2
thermosetting resins, such as a polyimide resin, a polyamideimide resin, and a polybenzoxazole resin, which are cyclized to be cured
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
Provided are a thermal base generator which is capable of performing cyclization of a thermosetting resin at a low temperature and with which a thermosetting resin composition having excellent stability can be prepared, a thermosetting resin composition, a cured film, a cured film manufacturing method, and a semiconductor device. The thermal base generator includes at least one selected from an acidic compound which generates a base in a case of being heated to 40°C or higher, and an ammonium salt containing an anion having a pKa1 of 0 to 4 and an ammonium cation. The acidic compound is preferably an ammonium salt and/or a compound represented by the following General Formula (1), in which A1 represents a p-valent organic group, R1 represents a monovalent organic group, L1 represents an (m+1)-valent organic group, m represents an integer of 1 or more, and p represents an integer of 1 or more.