Ti-Based Amorphous Alloy Coating for Low-Friction Compressor Wear

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing solid lubricating layers in compressors, such as ceramic-based and DLC coatings, face limitations in durability and compatibility with high-speed, miniaturized compressor operations due to mismatched elastic properties with metal components, leading to friction and abrasion issues.

Innovation Solution

A Ti-based amorphous alloy with a specific composition range, including Ti-Cu-X and Ti-Cu-Ni-X quaternary alloys, is used to form a coating layer with a composite microstructure of amorphous phase and B2 phase, providing low elastic modulus, high hardness, and ultra-high elastic strain, which improves frictional resistance and durability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If a ceramic-based coating layer is used to improve abrasion resistance, then surface hardness is increased, but elastic modulus becomes too high causing mismatch with metal base materials and reduced durability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface hardnessVSAvoiddurability
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite coating structure consisting of a ceramic layer (e.g., SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2) combined with a metallic layer (e.g., Ti, Cu, Ni). This composite structure allows the ceramic component to provide high surface hardness for abrasion resistance while the metallic component provides elastic modulus compatibility with the base material, thereby resolving the contradiction between hardness and durability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-generated harmful factors

If a solid lubricating layer is used to reduce friction, then frictional resistance is reduced, but the layer may peel or fracture under high-speed and miniaturized compressor conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrictional resistanceVSAvoidpeeling and fracture resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite coating system where a ceramic-based lubricating layer is combined with a metallic underlayer or interlayer. The ceramic layer (e.g., SiO2, TiO2) provides low friction properties, while the metallic components (e.g., Ti, Cu, Ni) provide mechanical strength and adhesion to prevent peeling and fracture under high-speed operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the elastic modulus of the coating layer by adjusting the composition and thickness of metallic components in the composite structure. This parameter adjustment allows the coating to better match the elastic properties of the base material, improving reliability under high-speed and miniaturized compressor conditions while maintaining low friction characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Strength

If DLC coating is used to improve abrasion loss, then abrasion resistance is enhanced, but affinity to oil additive is insufficient limiting low-speed operation improvement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveabrasion resistanceVSAvoidoil additive affinity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines DLC (diamond-like carbon) coating with ceramic layers (e.g., SiO2, TiO2) and metallic layers (e.g., Ti, Cu, Ni) to create a multi-layer composite coating. The DLC layer provides excellent abrasion resistance, while the ceramic and metallic layers provide chemical affinity with oil additives, enabling the coating to function effectively across a wide range of operating speeds.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Productivity

If compressor is miniaturized and high-speed operated to improve productivity, then output per unit time is increased, but friction and abrasion between mechanical components increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoutput per unit timeVSAvoidfriction and abrasion
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies a composite coating system to the rotary shaft and bearing surfaces of miniaturized high-speed compressors. The coating combines ceramic materials (e.g., SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2) for low friction and wear resistance with metallic materials (e.g., Ti, Cu, Ni) for mechanical strength and elastic modulus compatibility, enabling the compressor to operate at high speeds with reduced friction and abrasion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The Ti-based amorphous alloy coating layer enhances the compressor's abrasion resistance, friction properties, and thermal/mechanical stability, preventing peeling and fracture, and ensuring reliability under severe operating conditions.

Implementation Method 1

efforts have been made to reduce the friction and/or abrasion, by mainly using solid lubricating layers as coating bearings

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSolid lubrication: Lubrication

Implementation Method 2

a sputtering target that forms a coating layer made of the amorphous alloy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSputtering: Sputtering

Data Source

PatentEP3581673B1High performance solid lubricating titanium amorphous alloy
Publication Date: 2023.11.08 LG ELECTRONICS INC
  • EP3581673B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3581673B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP3581673B1 patent drawingFigure 6~7

AI summary

The present invention relates to an amorphous alloy having low frictional resistance and capable of improving abrasion resistance, a target made of the amorphous alloy, and a compressor comprising a layer of the amorphous alloy as a coating layer. According to the present invention, it is possible to secure high hardness and a low elastic modulus of the coating layer by controlling a microstructure having an amorphous phase as a primary phase by using Ti-based three-component to five-component amorphous alloys. As a result, it is possible to prevent the coating layer from being peeled off from a matrix or destroyed, and thus it is possible to achieve the effect of improving reliability or durability of a mechanical apparatus such as a compressor.