Amorphous Lithium Tungsten Oxide Coating for Battery Cathodes

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional cathode active materials for lithium secondary batteries face challenges in achieving uniform coating and low-temperature characteristics due to crystalline tungsten-containing coating layers, which lead to inadequate discharge capacity and output characteristics.

Innovation Solution

A cathode active material with a coating layer comprising an amorphous phase of lithium oxide and tungsten oxide mixture is developed, ensuring uniform coating and improved low-temperature characteristics by adhering to the core at a low firing temperature, reducing charge transfer resistance, and enhancing lithium ion conductivity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If a crystalline tungsten-containing coating layer (LixWyOz) is used, then the coating material can be formed on the core surface, but the coating is not uniform and is separately present outside the core

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating uniformityVSAvoidlow-temperature characteristics
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the phase state parameter of the coating material from crystalline to amorphous. By controlling the firing temperature to be below the crystallization temperature of lithium tungsten oxide, the coating layer maintains an amorphous phase that enables uniform distribution and adhesion to the core surface, preventing separate presence of coating material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite coating layer containing both amorphous lithium tungsten oxide and amorphous tungsten oxide. This composite structure combines the benefits of both compounds while maintaining the amorphous phase, achieving both uniform coating and improved low-temperature discharge characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Ease of manufacture

If lithium tungsten oxide is formed by precipitating lithium and inducing chemical reaction, then the coating can be applied, but it forms as a crystallized phase rather than amorphous phase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating formation processVSAvoidphase state
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-coating the core surface with lithium compound before firing. This preliminary lithium layer reacts with tungsten compound during firing to form the desired amorphous lithium tungsten oxide coating, avoiding the need for direct precipitation while maintaining amorphous phase through controlled temperature processing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent controls the firing temperature parameter to remain below the crystallization temperature of lithium tungsten oxide. This parameter control ensures that the chemical reaction between lithium and tungsten compounds produces the coating in an amorphous phase rather than crystalline phase

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If plasma or ion-sputtering method is used to spray element onto surface, then element can be deposited, but it is merely dotted on the surface rather than uniformly coated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface deposition methodVSAvoidcoating uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/physical deposition methods (plasma or ion-sputtering) with a chemical approach. By using solution-based coating followed by controlled firing, the patent achieves uniform distribution of elements through chemical reactions rather than physical deposition, eliminating the dotted surface pattern

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The amorphous phase coating significantly improves discharge capacity, output characteristics, and cycle life, particularly at low temperatures, by facilitating uniform adhesion and reducing resistance in lithium secondary batteries.

Implementation Method 1

a coating layer disposed on the core and comprising an amorphous phase, wherein the amorphous phase contains lithium oxide and tungsten oxide in a form of mixture

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAmorphous phase formation: Vitrification

Implementation Method 2

the cathode active material includes an amorphous phase containing lithium oxide and tungsten oxide in a form of mixture

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase transition: Phase Change

Implementation Method 3

enhancing lithium ion conductivity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentUS20220367856A1Positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery
Publication Date: 2022.11.17 L & F CO LTD

AI summary

Disclosed is a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery including a core containing lithium composite metal oxide and a coating layer disposed on the core and having an amorphous phase, wherein the amorphous phase contains lithium oxide and tungsten oxide in a form of mixture.