Amorphous Nickel-Phosphorous Shielding for Vibration Noise
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electromagnetic shields in electronic devices, made from ferromagnetic materials, exhibit magnetostrictive characteristics that cause vibrations during wireless communications, leading to undesirable acoustic noise due to their susceptibility to radio-frequency interference.
Innovation Solution
The use of magnetic-resistant shield structures formed with a conductive base layer, a magnetic-resistant layer made from non-ferromagnetic materials like copper or amorphous nickel-phosphorous alloys, and an additional conductive layer such as gold or tin, which are plated to prevent magnetic-induced vibrations and radio-frequency interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If ferromagnetic materials such as nickel and steel are used for radio-frequency shields, then radio-frequency shielding effectiveness is improved, but magnetostrictive vibrations and acoustic noise increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining ferromagnetic nickel with non-magnetic phosphorous to create a nickel-phosphorous alloy coating. This composite structure provides both radio-frequency shielding effectiveness (from the ferromagnetic nickel) and resistance to magnetostrictive vibrations (from the non-magnetic phosphorous), thereby resolving the contradiction between shielding effectiveness and vibration noise.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional ferromagnetic shield materials are used, then electromagnetic shielding is achieved, but magnetic-induced vibrations during wireless communications occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameters by controlling the phosphorous content (5-15 atomic percent) and manufacturing temperature (below recrystallization temperature) to produce an amorphous or fine-grained nickel-phosphorous alloy. This parameter control modifies the magnetic properties to reduce magnetostriction while maintaining electromagnetic shielding capability, thereby resolving the contradiction between shielding and vibration prevention.
3Reliability
If ferromagnetic materials are used for shielding, then radio-frequency interference protection is improved, but acoustic noise from vibrations increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite nickel-phosphorous alloy where the ferromagnetic nickel provides radio-frequency interference protection while the non-magnetic phosphorous suppresses magnetostrictive vibrations that cause acoustic noise. This composite material approach simultaneously achieves both protection from interference and reduction of noise.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These shield structures effectively protect electronic components from time-varying magnetic fields, reducing vibrations and noise, thereby improving the operation of devices like cellular telephones and computers by preventing magnetic-induced vibrations and radio-frequency interference.
Implementation Method 1
A conductive magnetic-resistant layer may be plated onto the conductive base layer. An additional conductive layer such as gold or tin may be plated onto the magnetic-resistant layer. The magnetic-resistant layer may serve as a diffusion barrier between the conductive base layer and the additional conductive layer.
Implementation Method 2
The amorphous nickel-phosphorous alloy may be produced by controlling the manufacturing temperature and proportion of phosphorous in the alloy while performing the plating operations within a length of time that ensures non-equilibrium conditions during the plating operations.
Data Source
AI summary
A wireless electronic device may be provided with components such as electrical and structural components. During transmission of radio-frequency signals, antennas and wireless communications circuitry of the wireless electronic device may produce associated time-varying magnetic fields. One or more components may be covered with magnetic-resistant shield structures that protect the components from the time-varying magnetic fields by preventing magnetic-induced vibrations. The magnetic-resistant shield structures may include a conductive base layer such a layer of brass. A magnetic-resistant layer may be plated onto the conductive base layer. The magnetic-resistant layer may be formed from an amorphous nickel-phosphorous alloy. The amorphous nickel-phosphorous alloy may be produced by controlling the manufacturing temperature and proportion of phosphorous in the alloy while performing the plating operations within a length of time that ensures non-equilibrium conditions during the plating operations.