Amperometric Chlorine Sensor Manifold Flow Design

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing sensors for measuring chlorine concentration in recreational water bodies, such as ORP sensors, face challenges including non-linear signal response, leakage current errors, and the need for frequent calibration due to changing conditions, which affects accuracy and increases maintenance costs.

Innovation Solution

A sensor system utilizing an amperometric probe with a manifold and flow passages designed to direct fluid flow effectively, allowing for precise measurement of chlorine concentration with reduced noise interference and eliminating the need for frequent calibration, by using a primary and secondary flow passage configuration and incorporating sensors for pH, temperature, and flow rate measurement.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If ORP sensors are used to measure chlorine concentration, then cost is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates due to non-linear signal response and leakage current errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor costVSAvoidchlorine concentration measurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the ORP sensor's electrochemical measurement mechanism with an amperometric sensor that uses a different electrochemical principle (current measurement instead of potential measurement). This substitution eliminates the non-linear response and impedance issues inherent in ORP sensors while maintaining cost-effectiveness through simpler sensor construction and operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the measurement parameter from oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to amperometric current response. This parameter change transforms the measurement approach from a potential-based system susceptible to leakage current and non-linearity into a current-based system with linear response and lower impedance, thereby improving measurement precision without significantly increasing cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If ORP sensors are used for chlorine measurement, then lower cost is achieved, but reliability deteriorates due to need for frequent calibration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor costVSAvoidmeasurement stability over time
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The amperometric sensor inherently provides stable, linear measurements that do not require external calibration or adjustment. The sensor's design allows it to self-regulate and maintain accurate readings across varying conditions without manual intervention, eliminating the need for periodic recalibration and ensuring long-term reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of requiring calibration to compensate for sensor drift and environmental variations (the ORP approach), the amperometric sensor is designed to provide inherently stable measurements that resist such variations. The inverted approach is to not try to correct for environmental effects but to design a measurement system that is naturally insensitive to them, thereby eliminating calibration needs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

3Difficulty of detecting and measuring

If high impedance ORP sensors are used, then oxidation-reduction potential measurement is enabled, but harmful factors increase due to leakage current errors and stray electrical noise

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoxidation-reduction potential detectionVSAvoidleakage current errors and electrical noise
Core Design Contradiction:
Difficulty of detecting and measuringVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes the high-impedance ORP measurement system with a low-impedance amperometric measurement system. This replacement fundamentally changes the electrical characteristics of the sensor, reducing susceptibility to leakage current and electrical noise while maintaining the ability to detect chlorine concentration through electrochemical current response.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The amperometric sensor acts as an intermediary that converts the detection of chlorine concentration into a current measurement rather than a potential measurement. This intermediary approach eliminates the direct connection between high impedance and harmful electrical interference, allowing accurate measurement without the leakage current and noise problems that plague ORP sensors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system provides accurate and reliable chlorine concentration measurement with reduced maintenance costs and improved accuracy by minimizing noise interference and eliminating the need for frequent calibration, ensuring stable operation over time.

Implementation Method 1

a probe for measuring chlorine concentration, the probe being positioned in fluid communication with the secondary flow passage. The probe comprises: a probe body defining a hollow portion... a plurality of electrodes positioned in the hollow portion proximal to the second end and contacting the fluid in the hollow portion, the electrodes adapted to generate a current in response to the concentration of chlorine present in the fluid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAmperometric sensing:

Data Source

PatentEP3978445B1Sensor for sensing chlorine concentration
Publication Date: 2023.06.14 ECOLAB USA INC
  • EP3978445B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3978445B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3978445B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Certain embodiments include a sensor system for measuring chlorine concentration in water. The sensor system can have a manifold including one or more flow passages for receiving fluid flow. The sensor system can have a probe for measuring chlorine concentration in fluid communication with a flow passage of the one or more flow passages of the manifold. The probe can have a probe body oriented to direct incoming fluid from one or more flow passages of the manifold toward an end of the probe body. The probe can have a plurality of flutes defined on an outer surface of the probe body. The flutes can be shaped and oriented to direct fluid from the end proximal to the electrodes, back toward the one or more flow passages of the manifold.