Surface modifying compositions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Surface modifying compositions with low surface energies face issues of adherence to surfaces and difficulty in forming a water-based application matrix due to hydrophobic properties.
Innovation Solution
A non-cellulose based amphiphilic compound with a covalently linked ionic moiety, specifically designed with silicon-containing metal oxides and reactive functional groups, is used to create a surface modifying composition that provides excellent adhesion and compatibility with both aqueous and non-aqueous systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If surface modifying compositions use compounds with low surface energies to achieve desired surface modification, then surface modification performance is improved, but adherence to surfaces deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The composition uses compounds with different surface energies in specific locations: low surface energy compounds (fluorinated or silicon-containing) at the outer surface for modification performance, and high surface energy compounds (polymer or resin) at the inner layer for adhesion. This spatial differentiation resolves the contradiction between surface modification performance and adherence.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite material system combining compounds with low surface energy (for surface modification) and compounds with high surface energy (for adhesion). The composite structure allows both functionalities to coexist, with the high surface energy component providing the substrate bonding and the low surface energy component providing the desired surface properties.
2Reliability
If surface modifying compositions have hydrophobic properties to achieve water repellency, then water repellent performance is improved, but difficulty in producing water based application matrix increases
Solution Approach 1:
The composition segments the hydrophobic and hydrophilic functions into separate components. The hydrophobic compounds (fluorinated or silicon-containing) provide water repellency, while the hydrophilic polymer or resin component enables formation of a water-based application matrix. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function without compromising the other.
Solution Approach 2:
The hydrophilic polymer or resin acts as an intermediary that bridges the hydrophobic surface-modifying compounds and the water-based application matrix. It allows the hydrophobic compounds to be delivered in a water-based formulation while maintaining their water repellent functionality upon application.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves excellent oil and water repellent properties, improved adhesion to various substrates, and compatibility, making it suitable for applications like UV protectants, corrosion inhibitors, and antimicrobial coatings.
Implementation Method 1
The amphiphilic compound includes a covalently linked ionic moiety
Implementation Method 2
covalently linked ionic moiety
Implementation Method 3
amphiphilic compounds have a water-soluble polar head (hydrophilic) and a water-insoluble organic tail (hydrophobic)
Implementation Method 4
M= silicon-containing metal oxide or binary metal oxide
Data Source
AI summary
A surface modifying composition comprises an amphiphilic compound which is non-cellulose based, the amphiphilic compound including a covalently linked ionic moiety with the following formula: where M= metal oxide or binary metal oxide, Ai is selected from compounds with surface energy greater than or equal to 25 dynes cm-1, A2 is selected from compounds with surface energy greater than or equal to 12 dynes cm-1, A3 is selected from compounds having more than one reactive functional group, x = NH2, NHR' or NR'2 (R'= methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl), y= COOH, SO3H or PO3H, and R= H or halogen; and where one of the A1 -x, A2, or A3-y may be replaced by a second O-R.