High-Frequency Semiconductor Amplifier Harmonic Impedance Matching

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

High-frequency semiconductor amplifiers face challenges in achieving high power-added efficiency due to difficulties in effectively matching load impedances for fundamental, second harmonic, and third harmonic frequencies, which limits their operational performance in radio communication and radar devices.

Innovation Solution

The design incorporates a microstrip line output matching circuit with specific electrical lengths and characteristic impedances to transform load impedances for fundamental, second harmonic, and third harmonic frequencies, achieving a desired impedance configuration that enables inverse class-F operation, eliminating even harmonics of voltage and odd harmonics of current.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If conventional matching circuits are used to match load impedances for fundamental and harmonic frequencies, then impedance matching is achieved, but power-added efficiency remains limited and device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower-added efficiencyVSAvoidmatching circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The matching circuit is divided into multiple independent transmission line segments (first transmission line for fundamental frequency, second transmission line for second harmonic, third transmission line for third harmonic). Each segment is optimized for a specific frequency component, allowing independent control of impedance at different harmonics while maintaining overall circuit simplicity and achieving high power-added efficiency through targeted harmonic management.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Use of energy by moving object

If multiple transmission lines are added to control harmonic impedances, then power-added efficiency improves, but the circuit size and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower-added efficiencyVSAvoidcircuit area
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

Each transmission line segment is designed with specific electrical length and characteristic impedance tailored to its designated frequency function. The first transmission line (λ/4 at fundamental frequency) provides impedance transformation for the fundamental, while the second (λ/8 at second harmonic) and third (λ/12 at third harmonic) lines are optimized for their respective harmonic frequencies. This localized optimization allows efficient power amplification without requiring a uniformly complex circuit structure across all frequencies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances power-added efficiency by approximately 5-10% and ensures high-frequency semiconductor amplifiers operate efficiently by matching load impedances to achieve high power-added efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

The design incorporates a microstrip line output matching circuit with specific electrical lengths and characteristic impedances to transform load impedances for fundamental, second harmonic, and third harmonic frequencies

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImpedance transformation:

Implementation Method 2

The output matching circuit includes a second transmission line having a fourth electrical length corresponding to one eighth of a wavelength of the second harmonic frequency and a fifth characteristic impedance, and a third transmission line having a sixth electrical length corresponding to one twelfth of a wavelength of the third harmonic frequency and a seventh characteristic impedance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHarmonic impedance control:

Data Source

PatentEP3051695B1High-frequency semiconductor amplifier
Publication Date: 2019.08.21 KK TOSHIBA
  • EP3051695B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3051695B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B
  • EP3051695B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

According to one embodiment, a high-frequency semiconductor amplifier (1) includes an input terminal (10), an input matching circuit (12), a high-frequency semiconductor amplifying element (14), an output matching circuit (21) and an output terminal (18). The input terminal (10) is inputted with a fundamental signal. The fundamental signal has a first frequency band and a first center frequency in the first frequency band. The input matching circuit (12) includes an input end and an output end. The input end of the input matching circuit (12) is connected to the input terminal (10). The high-frequency semiconductor amplifying element (14) includes an input end and an output end. The input end of the high-frequency semiconductor amplifying element (14) is connected to the output end of the input matching circuit (12). The high-frequency semiconductor amplifying element (14) is configured to amplify the fundamental signal.