Amplifier Module Using 90 Degree Hybrids for Antenna Mismatch
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing amplifier modules are severely affected by antenna impedance mismatches, leading to reduced sensitivity and isolation between transmission and reception ports, due to the use of 90° hybrids and parallel amplifiers, which makes them less robust and more difficult to adapt to antenna mismatches.
Innovation Solution
An amplifier module with at least three 90° hybrids and duplexers is proposed, where the 90° hybrids divide input signals into phase-shifted output signals, and duplexers are connected to reduce the impact of antenna mismatches, improving signal interference and isolation by using tunable duplexers and reducing signal strength to allow for smaller, more efficient components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If 90° hybrids and parallel amplifiers are used to improve signal division and amplification, then amplification robustness and signal quality are improved, but antenna impedance mismatch sensitivity increases and isolation between ports deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the signal path into multiple independent branches using 90° hybrids, creating separate amplification paths. Each branch processes a portion of the signal independently, which improves overall amplification robustness while allowing individual branch optimization to mitigate mismatch effects
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces additional 90° hybrids as intermediary components between the amplifiers and the antenna port. These intermediary hybrids help transform and combine the amplified signals in a way that reduces the direct impact of antenna impedance mismatches on the amplification process
2Reliability
If 90° hybrids and parallel amplifiers are used to improve signal division and amplification, then amplification robustness and signal quality are improved, but isolation between transmission and reception ports deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the transmission and reception signal paths using separate 90° hybrid networks. By dividing the signal processing into distinct quadrature components, the design achieves better port isolation while maintaining amplification robustness in each segment
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs asymmetric signal routing and phase shifting in the hybrid networks to achieve directional isolation. The 90° phase shifts and asymmetric path configurations help suppress unwanted signal leakage between transmission and reception ports
3Power
If duplexers with full signal strength are used, then transmission power is maintained, but module size and power consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by routing only a portion of the total signal power through each duplexer path. The signal is divided into quadrature components, allowing each duplexer to handle reduced power levels while the combined output maintains full transmission power, thereby reducing module size and power consumption requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the power handling requirement across multiple parallel paths. Each path processes a fraction of the total power through its own duplexer and amplifier combination, allowing the use of smaller, more efficient components that collectively achieve the required total power output
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly reduces the impact of antenna impedance mismatches, enhances reception sensitivity, and improves isolation between transmission and reception ports, allowing for more robust and efficient signal processing, even with tunable duplexers, and reduces the space and power requirements of the module.
Implementation Method 1
The 90° hybrid HYB1 divides a signal which is present at the transmission port TX into two output signals which have a relative phase shift of 90° with respect to one another
Implementation Method 2
The two amplifiers PA1, PA2 amplify the respective signal
Implementation Method 3
In this second 90° hybrid HYB2, the two output signals are added, the output signal in the first output path AP1 experiencing a phase shift of −90° relative to the output signal in the second output path AP2. Correspondingly, both output signals are now in phase and interfere constructively with one another
Implementation Method 4
The two other inputs of the duplexer DPX1 are connected to the antenna port ANT or the reception port RX, respectively
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to an amplifier module, comprising at least one amplifier (PA), an antenna port (ANT), a transmission port (TX), a reception port (RX), and a circuit arrangement having at least three 90 DEG hybrids (HYB1, HYB2, HBY3), which each divide a respective input signal into two output signals, wherein the two output signals have a relative phase shift of 90 DEG from each other, wherein the antenna port (ANT), the transmission port (TX), and the reception port (RX) are each connected to at least one 90 DEG hybrid (HYB1, HYB2, HBY3).