Amplitude Modulation for Low-Frequency Vibration Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing vibration sensing equipment, specifically designed for automotive engine detonation, is not capable of effectively monitoring low-frequency mechanical vibrations in industrial equipment due to frequency range limitations and signal processing constraints.

Innovation Solution

Adapting low-cost automotive vibration sensors and signal-processing electronics for industrial use by pre-amplifying low-frequency signals and using amplitude modulation to convert them into a usable format for existing knock sensor interface chips, allowing for the use of the same components to measure and display mechanical vibrations as dimensionless numeric values.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If automotive detonation sensors and signal-processing electronics are used, then cost-effectiveness and reliability are improved, but frequency range capability deteriorates (cannot sense low-frequency vibrations below 1000 Hz)

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereliabilityVSAvoidfrequency range capability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the frequency parameter of the sensor system by using amplitude modulation to shift the low-frequency vibration signal (below 1000 Hz) to a higher frequency range that the automotive detonation sensor can detect. The sensor output is modulated with a carrier signal, effectively transforming the frequency characteristics to match the sensor's operational range while maintaining the ability to detect original low-frequency vibrations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If low-cost automotive sensors are used, then manufacturing cost is reduced, but signal processing capability deteriorates (cannot process low-frequency signals directly)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costVSAvoidsignal processing capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary amplitude modulation stage between the vibration sensor and the automotive detonation sensor interface. This intermediary component converts the low-frequency signal into a form that the existing low-cost electronics can process, avoiding the need for expensive specialized low-frequency vibration sensors while maintaining signal processing capability through frequency transformation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Device complexity

If existing knock sensor interface chips are used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates (cannot accurately measure low-frequency vibrations)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidmeasurement precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary signal transformation through amplitude modulation before the signal enters the knock sensor interface chip. By pre-converting the low-frequency vibration signal to a modulated high-frequency signal, the existing interface chip can process the signal accurately within its designed frequency range, thereby maintaining measurement precision without requiring a different chip.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables the monitoring of low-frequency mechanical vibrations in industrial equipment using cost-effective, robust, and reliable automotive components, overcoming previous limitations in signal processing and frequency range, and providing intelligent vibration level monitoring and alerts.

Implementation Method 1

The automotive detonation sensor is in fact a piezoelectric accelerometer optimized for sensing engine knock

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 2

an amplifier for amplifying signals of frequency less than one kilohertz generated by the vibration sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSignal amplification:

Implementation Method 3

using the amplified signal to amplitude modulate a carrier signal at a frequency in excess of one kilohertz

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAmplitude modulation: Phase Modulation

Data Source

PatentEP2194365B1Vibration sensing system
Publication Date: 2016.03.16 ALTRONIC LLC
  • EP2194365B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

A system comprising an amplifier for amplifying signals of frequencies less than one kilohertz generated by a vibration sensor and using the amplified signal to amplitude modulate a carrier signal at a frequency in excess of one kilohertz and applying the amplitude modulated carrier signal to a sensor interface circuit.