Analog Supercapacitor Balancing with Dual Voltage Comparators

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Solution Overview

Problem

Supercapacitors connected in series for energy storage modules face inefficiencies due to manufacturing and aging differences, leading to uneven charging rates and energy loss during voltage maintenance or rest phases, which reduces the overall efficiency and autonomy of the storage module.

Innovation Solution

An analog balancing system with a bypass circuit and dual voltage comparators is implemented for each supercapacitor, allowing for controlled switching based on balancing and decommutation voltages, preventing unnecessary discharge into bypass circuits and enhancing balancing precision and flexibility.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If a bypass circuit is used to balance voltage across series-connected supercapacitors, then voltage homogeneity is improved, but energy loss increases during voltage maintenance or rest phases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage homogeneityVSAvoidenergy loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses the state of bypass circuits themselves to generate the control signal. When all bypass circuits are closed, the common node voltage naturally drops to ground potential, which automatically triggers the opening of bypass circuits through the comparator, eliminating the need for external control signals or additional energy input

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

A voltage comparator monitors the voltage at the common node connecting all bypass circuits and uses this feedback to control the switching state of bypass circuits. The comparator compares the common node voltage with a reference voltage and automatically adjusts bypass circuit states to maintain voltage homogeneity while minimizing energy loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Stability of the object's composition

If bypass circuits remain closed during voltage maintenance phase, then voltage homogeneity is maintained, but autonomy is reduced due to continuous energy discharge

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage homogeneityVSAvoidautonomy
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDuration of action of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The bypass circuits transition from a static closed state during charging to a dynamic state where they automatically open during voltage maintenance phase. The system adapts its configuration based on the operational phase, using the comparator to detect when charging is complete and automatically switching bypass circuits to the open state to preserve energy and extend autonomy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution reduces energy losses, increases the efficiency and autonomy of the storage module by preventing unnecessary discharge during voltage maintenance or rest phases, while maintaining robustness and flexibility in the balancing process.

Implementation Method 1

a voltage comparator, said first comparator, arranged to control said bypass circuit, in an open or closed state, as a function of the voltage at the terminals said storage device and a predetermined voltage, called balancing voltage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage comparison:

Implementation Method 2

A supercapacitor stores electrical energy by capacitive effect

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitive effect: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentEP3510685B1Local analogue equalisation system for a set of devices for storing electrical power via a capacitive effect, electrical installation, transport vehicle and rechargeable storage module comprising such a system
Publication Date: 2020.01.08 BLUE SOLUTIONS
  • EP3510685B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP3510685B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3510685B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

The invention relates to an analogue system (300) for equilibrating an assembly (100) for storing electrical power comprising a plurality of devices (DC1-DCn) for storing electrical power via a capacitive effect, said devices being connected together in series, said system comprising, for each storage device (DCi), an equilibrating device (302i) including: - a circuit (304i) for bypassing said storage device (DCi), said circuit being controllable between a closed state and an open state; and - a first voltage comparator (106i) for controlling said bypass circuit (304i) into an open or closed state depending on an equilibration voltage; and - a second voltage comparator (206i) for controlling said bypass circuit (304i) into an open or closed state depending on a switch-off voltage.