Centrifugal Analysis Device Overflow Channel Solid Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional analysis devices using centrifugal force for biological fluids struggle to efficiently transfer solid components and high-concentration solutions, leading to measurement precision issues due to residual sample solution flow and solid component precipitation.
Innovation Solution
The analysis device incorporates a separation chamber, a holding channel, and an overflow channel connected via a joint channel, where the solution component is transferred first, followed by the solid component, with the overflow channel having a larger opening area to prevent residual solution flow, and uses centrifugal or capillary forces for transfer.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a capillary tube with siphon structure is used to transfer solution after centrifugal separation, then the solution component can be transferred, but the solid component cannot be transferred and residual solution flows back causing measurement precision degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the transfer system into two separate channels: a first capillary tube for transferring the solution component and a second capillary tube for transferring the solid component. This segmentation allows each component to be transferred independently through dedicated pathways, preventing mixing and ensuring complete transfer of both components without residual solution flow back.
2Quantity of substance
If the capillary tube is positioned to transfer only solution component, then the solid component precipitates in the outer circumference, but the solid component cannot be transferred by the siphon structure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent assigns different functions to different capillary tubes: the first capillary tube is positioned to transfer only the solution component, while the second capillary tube is positioned to transfer the solid component. This functional segmentation enables both components to be transferred effectively through their respective dedicated channels.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary substance (liquid or gas) that facilitates the transfer of the solid component from the separation chamber to the second capillary tube. This intermediary enables the solid component to be moved without direct contact with the siphon structure, solving the limitation of the siphon's inability to transfer solids.
3Productivity
If the sample solution is transferred repeatedly by stopping and rotating, then the solution amount varies and solid component flows into the capillary tube, but this adversely affects measurement precision
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary separation of the sample solution into solution component and solid component before transfer. By pre-separating the components and assigning dedicated transfer pathways, the system avoids repeated stopping and rotating operations that cause variation in solution amount and unwanted solid component migration, thereby maintaining measurement precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for precise transfer of solid components and high-concentration solutions, enhancing measurement precision by preventing residual sample solution flow and ensuring accurate component analysis.
Implementation Method 1
a separation chamber for separating the sample solution into a solution component and a solid component by using a centrifugal force that is generated by rotation of the analysis device
Implementation Method 2
transfer of the sample solution from the joint channel to the overflow channel is performed by a capillary force
Data Source
AI summary
An analysis device includes a separation chamber, a holding channel, a mixing chamber connected to the holding channel, an overflow channel connected between the holding channel and the separation chamber, a sample overflow chamber into which a sample solution remaining in the separation chamber is discharged, and a joint channel connecting the separation chamber and the sample overflow chamber. After the separated solution component fills the overflow channel with priority, a separated solid component is transferred to the holding channel via the overflow channel, and a predetermined amount of the solid component is measured. The solid component in the holding channel is transferred to the mixing chamber by a centrifugal force, and simultaneously, the sample solution remaining in the separation chamber is discharged to the sample overflow chamber by the siphon effect of the joint channel.