Analyte Detection Using Segmented Trapping Bodies to Suppress Dissociation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassays face challenges in achieving sufficient sensitivity when detecting analytes present in small amounts, due to dissociation of immune complexes, which affects the accuracy of detection.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the formation of a sandwich complex using a first trapping body, a second trapping body with a binding substance and support linked by a linker, and a third trapping body, which enhances the trapping of analytes and suppresses dissociation, thereby improving detection sensitivity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a conventional immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay is used, then the detection process is simple, but the sensitivity is insufficient when detecting very small amounts of analyte

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedetection sensitivityVSAvoidcomplexity of trapping body structure

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The trapping body is divided into multiple independent components: a binding substance for specific analyte recognition, a support for structural stability, and a linker for flexible connection. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function optimally while maintaining overall system sensitivity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The trapping body employs a composite structure combining organic binding substances (antibodies or antigens) with inorganic or synthetic supports (solid phases). This composite design enhances both the specificity of analyte binding and the stability of the complex, thereby improving detection sensitivity without excessive complexity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Measurement precision

If the immune complex is dissociated from the carrier, then the complex can be transferred to another carrier, but dissociation reduces detection accuracy

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidease of complex transfer

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The linker acts as an intermediary component between the binding substance and the support. It provides a flexible connection that maintains the integrity of the immune complex during transfer operations, reducing dissociation while enabling the complex to be moved between carriers for detection

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The stable composite structure of the trapping body with its integrated linker provides beforehand cushioning against dissociation forces. This pre-engineered stable structure protects the immune complex from breaking apart during the transfer process, ensuring detection accuracy is maintained

Inventive Principle:

Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method effectively enhances the sensitivity of analyte detection by reducing complex dissociation and improving the signal-to-noise ratio, allowing for more accurate detection of analytes, including antibodies, antigens, and other physiologically active substances.

Implementation Method 1

a first antibody which specifically binds to the analyte by an antigen-antibody reaction; a second antibody which specifically binds to a site of the analyte by an antigen-antibody reaction

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectAntigen-antibody reaction:

Implementation Method 2

a second antibody which specifically binds to a site of the analyte by an antigen-antibody reaction, the site being different from a site to which the first trapping body specifically binds; and an anti-dinitrophenyl antibody solid phase

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectAffinity binding:

Implementation Method 3

allowing an avidin solid phase or a streptavidin solid phase to trap the sandwich complex to form a second complex

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectBiotin-avidin interaction:

Data Source

PatentUS11047852B2Method for detecting analyte, detection reagent kit, and detection reagent

Publication Date: 2021.06.29 SYSMEX CORP

AI summary

Disclosed is a method for detecting an analyte in a sample, including the steps of:(A) forming a first complex comprising:an analyte;a first trapping body which specifically binds to the analyte;a second trapping body which specifically binds to a site of the analyte, the site being different from a site to which the first trapping body specifically binds; anda third trapping body which specifically binds to the second trapping body;(B) separating a part comprising the analyte and the first trapping body from the third trapping body;(C) allowing a fourth trapping body to trap the part to form a second complex; and(D) detecting the analyte of the second complex,wherein the second trapping body comprises a binding substance which binds to the analyte, a support, and a linker which links the binding substance and the support with each other.